From 85313c60464a888a7bf3f919844b72668c58a308 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: robonen <robonenandrew@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 21:11:47 +0700
Subject: [PATCH] feat: update useSnapPoints to improve drawer snapping
 behavior and add new features

---
 core/stdlib/package.json                      |   2 +-
 .../behavioral/StateMachine/index.test-d.ts   |  24 +
 .../behavioral/StateMachine/index.test.ts     |   2 +
 .../patterns/behavioral/StateMachine/types.ts |   6 +-
 .../src/overlays/drawer/DrawerClose.vue       |  25 +
 .../src/overlays/drawer/DrawerContent.vue     |  32 +-
 .../src/overlays/drawer/DrawerHandle.vue      | 122 ++-
 .../src/overlays/drawer/DrawerOverlay.vue     |   3 +-
 .../src/overlays/drawer/DrawerRoot.vue        |  81 +-
 .../src/overlays/drawer/DrawerRootNested.vue  |   5 +-
 .../src/overlays/drawer/DrawerTrigger.vue     |  25 +
 .../overlays/drawer/__test__/Drawer.test.ts   | 570 +++++++++++++-
 ...t-drag-on-the-handle-ends-in-a-click-1.png | Bin 0 -> 3023 bytes
 .../src/overlays/drawer/__test__/a11y.test.ts |  74 ++
 .../overlays/drawer/__test__/gesture.test.ts  | 224 ++++++
 .../overlays/drawer/__test__/snapping.test.ts | 192 +++++
 .../src/overlays/drawer/constants.ts          |  30 +
 vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/context.ts |  48 +-
 .../src/overlays/drawer/controls.ts           | 707 ++++++++++++------
 vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/gesture.ts | 178 +++++
 vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/helpers.ts |  37 +
 vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/index.ts   |  10 +-
 .../src/overlays/drawer/snapping.ts           | 184 +++++
 vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/style.ts   |  30 +-
 vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/types.ts   |  25 +-
 .../src/overlays/drawer/usePositionFixed.ts   |   2 +-
 .../src/overlays/drawer/useScaleBackground.ts |  15 +-
 .../src/overlays/drawer/useSnapPoints.ts      | 251 ++++---
 vue/toolkit/package.json                      |   2 +-
 .../composables/sensors/onLongPress/index.ts  |   6 +
 .../src/composables/state/activeApp/demo.vue  |  71 ++
 .../composables/state/activeApp/index.test.ts | 176 +++++
 .../src/composables/state/activeApp/index.ts  | 150 ++++
 vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/index.ts    |   2 +
 .../state/useStateMachine/demo.vue            |  60 ++
 .../state/useStateMachine/index.test.ts       | 184 +++++
 .../state/useStateMachine/index.ts            | 122 +++
 37 files changed, 3216 insertions(+), 461 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerClose.vue
 create mode 100644 vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerTrigger.vue
 create mode 100644 vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/__screenshots__/Drawer.test.ts/Drawer---handle-does-not-cycle-when-a-short-drag-on-the-handle-ends-in-a-click-1.png
 create mode 100644 vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/a11y.test.ts
 create mode 100644 vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/gesture.test.ts
 create mode 100644 vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/snapping.test.ts
 create mode 100644 vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/gesture.ts
 create mode 100644 vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/snapping.ts
 create mode 100644 vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/activeApp/demo.vue
 create mode 100644 vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/activeApp/index.test.ts
 create mode 100644 vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/activeApp/index.ts
 create mode 100644 vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/useStateMachine/demo.vue
 create mode 100644 vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/useStateMachine/index.test.ts
 create mode 100644 vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/useStateMachine/index.ts

diff --git a/core/stdlib/package.json b/core/stdlib/package.json
index 79d0dc5..ae85cec 100644
--- a/core/stdlib/package.json
+++ b/core/stdlib/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@robonen/stdlib",
-  "version": "0.0.11",
+  "version": "0.0.12",
   "license": "Apache-2.0",
   "description": "A collection of tools, utilities, and helpers for TypeScript",
   "keywords": [
diff --git a/core/stdlib/src/patterns/behavioral/StateMachine/index.test-d.ts b/core/stdlib/src/patterns/behavioral/StateMachine/index.test-d.ts
index 361aec2..0b3923d 100644
--- a/core/stdlib/src/patterns/behavioral/StateMachine/index.test-d.ts
+++ b/core/stdlib/src/patterns/behavioral/StateMachine/index.test-d.ts
@@ -21,4 +21,28 @@ describe('createMachine', () => {
   it('send returns the (typed) resulting state', () => {
     expectTypeOf(machine.send('START')).toEqualTypeOf<'idle' | 'running'>();
   });
+
+  it('empty terminal nodes do not widen the event union to string', () => {
+    const terminal = createMachine({
+      initial: 'idle',
+      states: {
+        idle: { on: { START: 'done' } },
+        done: {},
+      },
+    });
+
+    expectTypeOf(terminal.send).parameter(0).toEqualTypeOf<'START'>();
+  });
+
+  it('entry/exit-only nodes do not widen the event union either', () => {
+    const hooked = createMachine({
+      initial: 'idle',
+      states: {
+        idle: { on: { START: 'done' } },
+        done: { entry: () => {} },
+      },
+    });
+
+    expectTypeOf(hooked.send).parameter(0).toEqualTypeOf<'START'>();
+  });
 });
diff --git a/core/stdlib/src/patterns/behavioral/StateMachine/index.test.ts b/core/stdlib/src/patterns/behavioral/StateMachine/index.test.ts
index 4fcdffd..66a80ac 100644
--- a/core/stdlib/src/patterns/behavioral/StateMachine/index.test.ts
+++ b/core/stdlib/src/patterns/behavioral/StateMachine/index.test.ts
@@ -418,6 +418,7 @@ describe('asyncStateMachine', () => {
         },
       });
 
+      // @ts-expect-error -- deliberately undeclared event: runtime must ignore it
       const result = await machine.send('STOP');
 
       expect(result).toBe('idle');
@@ -597,6 +598,7 @@ describe('asyncStateMachine', () => {
         },
       });
 
+      // @ts-expect-error -- deliberately undeclared event: can() must report false
       expect(await machine.can('STOP')).toBe(false);
     });
 
diff --git a/core/stdlib/src/patterns/behavioral/StateMachine/types.ts b/core/stdlib/src/patterns/behavioral/StateMachine/types.ts
index a4ef161..5f376ff 100644
--- a/core/stdlib/src/patterns/behavioral/StateMachine/types.ts
+++ b/core/stdlib/src/patterns/behavioral/StateMachine/types.ts
@@ -57,8 +57,12 @@ export type AsyncStateNodeConfig<Context> = StateNodeConfig<Context, MaybePromis
 
 export type ExtractStates<T> = keyof T & string;
 
+// `on` is matched as REQUIRED here on purpose: an empty terminal node (`{}`)
+// satisfies an optional-`on` pattern with no inference candidate, so `infer E`
+// would fall back to its constraint and collapse the whole union to `string`,
+// silently accepting any event name in `send`/`can`.
 export type ExtractEvents<T> = {
-  [K in keyof T]: T[K] extends { readonly on?: Readonly<Record<infer E extends string, unknown>> }
+  [K in keyof T]: T[K] extends { readonly on: Readonly<Record<infer E extends string, unknown>> }
     ? E
     : never;
 }[keyof T];
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerClose.vue b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerClose.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3696e89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerClose.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<script lang="ts">
+import type { DialogCloseProps } from '../dialog';
+
+/**
+ * A button that closes the drawer when activated. A thin wrapper over Dialog's
+ * Close that tags the resulting `update:open` with the `close-press` reason.
+ */
+export interface DrawerCloseProps extends DialogCloseProps {}
+</script>
+
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { useForwardExpose } from '@robonen/vue';
+import { DialogClose } from '../dialog';
+import { injectDrawerRootContext } from './context';
+
+const props = defineProps<DrawerCloseProps>();
+const { armReason } = injectDrawerRootContext();
+const { forwardRef } = useForwardExpose();
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <DialogClose v-bind="props" :ref="forwardRef" @click="armReason('close-press')">
+    <slot />
+  </DialogClose>
+</template>
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerContent.vue b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerContent.vue
index 193a0e9..afacdfb 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerContent.vue
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerContent.vue
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ export type DrawerContentEmits = DialogContentEmits;
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed, ref, watch, watchEffect } from 'vue';
+import { isClient } from '@robonen/platform/multi';
 import { useForwardExpose } from '@robonen/vue';
 import { DialogContent } from '../dialog';
 import { injectDrawerRootContext } from './context';
@@ -30,6 +31,9 @@ const {
   onPress,
   onDrag,
   onRelease,
+  onCancel,
+  armReason,
+  isAllowedToDrag,
   modal,
   dismissible,
   keyboardIsOpen,
@@ -49,10 +53,12 @@ useScaleBackground();
 const delayedSnapPoints = ref(false);
 
 const snapPointHeight = computed(() => {
-  if (snapPointsOffset.value && snapPointsOffset.value.length > 0)
-    return `${snapPointsOffset.value[0]}px`;
+  const offset = snapPointsOffset.value?.[0];
 
-  return '0';
+  if (typeof offset === 'number' && Number.isFinite(offset))
+    return `${offset}px`;
+
+  return '0px';
 });
 
 function handlePointerDownOutside(event: Event) {
@@ -66,13 +72,21 @@ function handlePointerDownOutside(event: Event) {
 
   // Let the underlying DismissableLayer close a dismissible modal drawer;
   // otherwise hold it open.
-  if (!dismissible.value)
+  if (!dismissible.value) {
     event.preventDefault();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  armReason('outside-press');
 }
 
 function handleEscapeKeyDown(event: KeyboardEvent) {
-  if (!dismissible.value)
+  if (!dismissible.value) {
     event.preventDefault();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  armReason('escape-key');
 }
 
 function handlePointerDown(event: PointerEvent) {
@@ -88,8 +102,9 @@ function handlePointerMove(event: PointerEvent) {
 }
 
 watchEffect(() => {
-  if (hasSnapPoints.value) {
-    globalThis.requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+  // `flush: 'pre'` effects run during SSR, where rAF doesn't exist.
+  if (hasSnapPoints.value && isClient) {
+    requestAnimationFrame(() => {
       delayedSnapPoints.value = true;
     });
   }
@@ -103,10 +118,13 @@ watchEffect(() => {
     :data-drawer-direction="direction"
     :data-drawer-delayed-snap-points="delayedSnapPoints ? 'true' : 'false'"
     :data-drawer-snap-points="isOpen && hasSnapPoints ? 'true' : 'false'"
+    :data-swiping="isAllowedToDrag ? 'true' : undefined"
     :style="{ '--snap-point-height': snapPointHeight }"
     @pointerdown="handlePointerDown"
     @pointermove="handlePointerMove"
     @pointerup="onRelease"
+    @pointercancel="onCancel"
+    @lostpointercapture="onCancel"
     @open-auto-focus.prevent
     @pointer-down-outside="handlePointerDownOutside"
     @escape-key-down="handleEscapeKeyDown"
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerHandle.vue b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerHandle.vue
index 5aed468..0f11115 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerHandle.vue
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerHandle.vue
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ export type { DrawerHandleProps } from './controls';
 </script>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import { ref, useTemplateRef, watchPostEffect } from 'vue';
+import { onScopeDispose, useTemplateRef, watch, watchPostEffect } from 'vue';
+import { onLongPress, useStateMachine } from '@robonen/vue';
 import { injectDrawerRootContext } from './context';
 
 const { preventCycle = false } = defineProps<DrawerHandleProps>();
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ const { preventCycle = false } = defineProps<DrawerHandleProps>();
 const LONG_HANDLE_PRESS_TIMEOUT = 250;
 const DOUBLE_TAP_TIMEOUT = 120;
 
-const { onPress, onDrag, handleRef, handleOnly, isOpen, snapPoints, activeSnapPoint, isDragging, dismissible, closeDrawer }
+const { onPress, onDrag, onCancel, handleRef, handleOnly, isOpen, snapPoints, activeSnapPoint, isDragging, isAllowedToDrag, dismissible, closeDrawer }
   = injectDrawerRootContext();
 
 // Mirror the element into the shared context ref. A local template ref + watch
@@ -31,33 +32,67 @@ watchPostEffect(() => {
   handleRef.value = handleElement.value;
 });
 
-const closeTimeoutId = ref<number | null>(null);
-const shouldCancelInteraction = ref(false);
+let cycleTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined;
 
-function handleStartCycle() {
-  // Ignore the second tap of a double-tap.
-  if (shouldCancelInteraction.value) {
-    handleCancelInteraction();
-    return;
-  }
+// Tap-to-cycle as an explicit machine: a tap schedules the cycle after the
+// double-tap window, a long hold suppresses it, and a second press inside the
+// window cancels the pending cycle — so a double-tap cycles once, never twice.
+const tap = useStateMachine({
+  initial: 'idle',
+  states: {
+    idle: { on: { PRESS: 'pressed', TAP: 'tapPending' } },
+    pressed: { on: { LONG_PRESS: 'suppressed', DRAG: 'suppressed', TAP: 'tapPending', CANCEL: 'idle' } },
+    suppressed: { on: { TAP: 'idle', PRESS: 'pressed', CANCEL: 'idle' } },
+    tapPending: {
+      entry: () => {
+        cycleTimer = setTimeout(fireCycleElapsed, DOUBLE_TAP_TIMEOUT);
+      },
+      exit: () => clearTimeout(cycleTimer),
+      on: {
+        ELAPSED: { target: 'idle', action: cycleSnapPoints },
+        PRESS: 'pressed',
+        // A long-press timer armed before the release can still outrace the
+        // pending cycle — treat it as suppression, like the release-time flag
+        // check of the pre-machine code did.
+        LONG_PRESS: 'suppressed',
+        DRAG: 'suppressed',
+        CANCEL: 'idle',
+      },
+    },
+  },
+});
 
-  globalThis.setTimeout(() => {
-    handleCycleSnapPoints();
-  }, DOUBLE_TAP_TIMEOUT);
+// The exit hook covers every transition; this covers unmount mid-window.
+onScopeDispose(() => clearTimeout(cycleTimer));
+
+// A gesture that actually engaged the drawer must never read as a tap: pointer
+// capture keeps the release's click on the handle, and 120ms later the drag is
+// long over (isDragging is false again), so only a latch armed DURING the
+// press can tell a short drag apart from a tap.
+watch(isAllowedToDrag, (dragging) => {
+  if (dragging)
+    tap.send('DRAG');
+});
+
+// Annotated `: void` so the machine config can reference it without a type cycle.
+function fireCycleElapsed(): void {
+  tap.send('ELAPSED');
 }
 
-function handleCycleSnapPoints() {
-  // Don't treat an accidental tap during a resize as a cycle.
-  if (isDragging.value || preventCycle || shouldCancelInteraction.value) {
-    handleCancelInteraction();
-    return;
-  }
+// A long hold suppresses the tap-to-cycle. `distanceThreshold: false` keeps the
+// original semantics: the hold counts even while the pointer drags the drawer.
+onLongPress(handleElement, () => {
+  tap.send('LONG_PRESS');
+}, { delay: LONG_HANDLE_PRESS_TIMEOUT, distanceThreshold: false });
 
-  handleCancelInteraction();
+function cycleSnapPoints() {
+  // Don't treat an accidental tap during a resize as a cycle.
+  if (isDragging.value || preventCycle)
+    return;
 
   if (!snapPoints.value || snapPoints.value.length === 0) {
-    if (!dismissible.value)
-      closeDrawer();
+    if (dismissible.value)
+      closeDrawer('handle-press');
 
     return;
   }
@@ -65,7 +100,7 @@ function handleCycleSnapPoints() {
   const isLastSnapPoint = activeSnapPoint.value === snapPoints.value[snapPoints.value.length - 1];
 
   if (isLastSnapPoint && dismissible.value) {
-    closeDrawer();
+    closeDrawer('handle-press');
     return;
   }
 
@@ -78,30 +113,38 @@ function handleCycleSnapPoints() {
   activeSnapPoint.value = snapPoints.value[nextSnapPointIndex];
 }
 
-function handleStartInteraction() {
-  closeTimeoutId.value = globalThis.setTimeout(() => {
-    // A long press cancels the tap-to-cycle.
-    shouldCancelInteraction.value = true;
-  }, LONG_HANDLE_PRESS_TIMEOUT);
-}
-
-function handleCancelInteraction() {
-  if (closeTimeoutId.value)
-    globalThis.clearTimeout(closeTimeoutId.value);
-
-  shouldCancelInteraction.value = false;
+function handleClick() {
+  tap.send('TAP');
 }
 
 function handlePointerDown(event: PointerEvent) {
+  tap.send('PRESS');
+
+  // In handleOnly mode the handle is the capture target so moves keep
+  // arriving here even when the pointer leaves it.
   if (handleOnly.value)
-    onPress(event);
-  handleStartInteraction();
+    onPress(event, handleElement.value ?? undefined);
 }
 
 function handlePointerMove(event: PointerEvent) {
   if (handleOnly.value)
     onDrag(event);
 }
+
+function handlePointerCancel(event: PointerEvent) {
+  tap.send('CANCEL');
+
+  if (handleOnly.value)
+    onCancel(event);
+}
+
+// Fires after every normal release too (pointer capture sits on the pressed
+// element), so it must NOT cancel the tap intent — that would defeat the
+// long-press suppression. Only the drag engine cares, and it ignores stale calls.
+function handleLostPointerCapture(event: PointerEvent) {
+  if (handleOnly.value)
+    onCancel(event);
+}
 </script>
 
 <template>
@@ -110,8 +153,9 @@ function handlePointerMove(event: PointerEvent) {
     :data-drawer-visible="isOpen ? 'true' : 'false'"
     data-drawer-handle
     aria-hidden="true"
-    @click="handleStartCycle"
-    @pointercancel="handleCancelInteraction"
+    @click="handleClick"
+    @pointercancel="handlePointerCancel"
+    @lostpointercapture="handleLostPointerCapture"
     @pointerdown="handlePointerDown"
     @pointermove="handlePointerMove"
   >
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerOverlay.vue b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerOverlay.vue
index 319cf9f..58ed9b1 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerOverlay.vue
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerOverlay.vue
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import { injectDrawerRootContext } from './context';
 
 defineProps<DrawerOverlayProps>();
 
-const { overlayRef, hasSnapPoints, isOpen, shouldFade } = injectDrawerRootContext();
+const { overlayRef, hasSnapPoints, isOpen, shouldFade, isAllowedToDrag } = injectDrawerRootContext();
 const { forwardRef, currentElement } = useForwardExpose();
 
 watch(currentElement, (el) => {
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ watch(currentElement, (el) => {
     data-drawer-overlay
     :data-drawer-snap-points="isOpen && hasSnapPoints ? 'true' : 'false'"
     :data-drawer-snap-points-overlay="isOpen && shouldFade ? 'true' : 'false'"
+    :data-swiping="isAllowedToDrag ? 'true' : undefined"
   >
     <slot />
   </DialogOverlay>
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerRoot.vue b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerRoot.vue
index 5ec7ea1..ee21bf0 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerRoot.vue
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerRoot.vue
@@ -18,12 +18,13 @@ export type { DrawerRootEmits, DrawerRootProps } from './controls';
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed, ref, toRefs, watch } from 'vue';
-import { useStyleTag } from '@robonen/vue';
+import { useEventListener, useStyleTag } from '@robonen/vue';
+import { isClient } from '@robonen/platform/multi';
 import { DialogRoot } from '../dialog';
 import { provideDrawerRootContext } from './context';
 import { useDrawer } from './controls';
 import { CLOSE_THRESHOLD, SCROLL_LOCK_TIMEOUT, TRANSITIONS } from './constants';
-import { DRAWER_STYLES, DRAWER_STYLE_ID } from './style';
+import { DRAWER_STYLES, DRAWER_STYLE_ID, registerDrawerCssProperties } from './style';
 
 defineOptions({ inheritAttrs: false });
 
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ const props = withDefaults(defineProps<DrawerRootProps>(), {
   noBodyStyles: false,
   handleOnly: false,
   preventScrollRestoration: false,
+  snapToSequentialPoints: false,
 });
 
 const emit = defineEmits<DrawerRootEmits>();
@@ -52,6 +54,9 @@ const emit = defineEmits<DrawerRootEmits>();
 // Inject the critical drawer CSS once (reference-counted across every drawer).
 useStyleTag(DRAWER_STYLES, { id: DRAWER_STYLE_ID });
 
+if (isClient)
+  registerDrawerCssProperties();
+
 const fadeFromIndex = computed(() => props.fadeFromIndex ?? (props.snapPoints && props.snapPoints.length - 1));
 
 // `isOpen` is the single source of truth for the open state. It's seeded from the
@@ -64,14 +69,6 @@ watch(() => props.open, (value) => {
     isOpen.value = value;
 });
 
-// Every change to `isOpen` (from any source) notifies the consumer's `v-model`
-// once and schedules `animationEnd`. Close-specific effects (`close`, snap reset)
-// live in the engine's own watch on the same ref.
-watch(isOpen, (o) => {
-  emit('update:open', o);
-  setTimeout(() => emit('animationEnd', o), TRANSITIONS.DURATION * 1000);
-});
-
 const localActiveSnapPoint = ref<number | string | null | undefined>(
   props.activeSnapPoint ?? props.snapPoints?.[0] ?? null,
 );
@@ -91,7 +88,7 @@ const emitHandlers = {
   emitClose: () => emit('close'),
 };
 
-const { modal } = provideDrawerRootContext(
+const { modal, drawerRef, pendingReason, notifySettled, hasSnapPoints } = provideDrawerRootContext(
   useDrawer({
     ...emitHandlers,
     ...toRefs(props),
@@ -101,6 +98,68 @@ const { modal } = provideDrawerRootContext(
   }),
 );
 
+// `animationEnd` fires on the drawer element's own transitionend/animationend
+// (so dynamic settle durations and consumer-tuned animations report honestly),
+// with a fixed-duration timeout kept as an upper-bound fallback for
+// reduced-motion and animation-less environments. The listener rides the
+// reactive `drawerRef`, so it (re)attaches whenever the content (re)mounts;
+// `pendingAnimationEnd` gates it to the transition armed by the open flip.
+let pendingAnimationEnd: boolean | null = null;
+let animationEndTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined;
+
+function fireAnimationEnd() {
+  if (pendingAnimationEnd === null)
+    return;
+
+  const open = pendingAnimationEnd;
+
+  pendingAnimationEnd = null;
+  clearTimeout(animationEndTimer);
+  // Advance the engine's lifecycle phase first, so `animationEnd` observers see
+  // the settled state (e.g. the snap point already reset after a close).
+  notifySettled();
+  emit('animationEnd', open);
+}
+
+useEventListener(drawerRef, ['transitionend', 'animationend'], (event) => {
+  // Only the drawer's own settle counts — ignore bubbled child transitions.
+  if (event.target !== event.currentTarget)
+    return;
+
+  if (event.type === 'transitionend') {
+    // Transform transitions signal a settle only for snap-point drawers; the
+    // keyframe-driven enter/exit of plain drawers also sees transform
+    // transitions from other sources (a nested child writing to this element,
+    // a drag settle) that must not consume an armed flip.
+    if (!hasSnapPoints.value || (event as TransitionEvent).propertyName !== 'transform')
+      return;
+  }
+  // Only the stylesheet's slide keyframes mark a settle; consumer keyframes on
+  // the content fall through to the fallback timeout instead.
+  else if (!(event as AnimationEvent).animationName.startsWith('slide')) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  fireAnimationEnd();
+});
+
+// Every change to `isOpen` (from any source) notifies the consumer's `v-model`
+// once — tagged with the reason armed by whichever part caused the flip — and
+// arms `animationEnd`. Close-specific effects (`close`, snap reset) live in the
+// engine's own watch on the same ref.
+watch(isOpen, (o, _prev, onCleanup) => {
+  const reason = pendingReason.current;
+
+  pendingReason.current = undefined;
+  emit('update:open', o, reason ? { reason } : undefined);
+
+  pendingAnimationEnd = o;
+  animationEndTimer = setTimeout(fireAnimationEnd, TRANSITIONS.DURATION * 1000);
+  // Runs before the next flip re-arms, and on unmount — the fallback never
+  // outlives the transition it was armed for.
+  onCleanup(() => clearTimeout(animationEndTimer));
+});
+
 // The Dialog reports its own dismissals (trigger, close button, escape, outside
 // click) here; mirror them into `isOpen` and let the watchers do the rest.
 function handleOpenChange(o: boolean) {
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerRootNested.vue b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerRootNested.vue
index 72c9a0c..1253b32 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerRootNested.vue
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerRootNested.vue
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import DrawerRoot from './DrawerRoot.vue';
 import type { DrawerRootEmits, DrawerRootProps } from './controls';
+import type { DrawerOpenChangeDetails } from './types';
 import { injectDrawerRootContext } from './context';
 
 const props = defineProps<DrawerRootProps>();
@@ -31,10 +32,10 @@ function onRelease(open: boolean) {
   emit('release', open);
 }
 
-function onOpenChange(open: boolean) {
+function onOpenChange(open: boolean, details?: DrawerOpenChangeDetails) {
   if (open)
     onNestedOpenChange(open);
-  emit('update:open', open);
+  emit('update:open', open, details);
 }
 </script>
 
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerTrigger.vue b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerTrigger.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa89928
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/DrawerTrigger.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<script lang="ts">
+import type { DialogTriggerProps } from '../dialog';
+
+/**
+ * The button that toggles the drawer open. A thin wrapper over Dialog's Trigger
+ * that tags the resulting `update:open` with the `trigger-press` reason.
+ */
+export interface DrawerTriggerProps extends DialogTriggerProps {}
+</script>
+
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { useForwardExpose } from '@robonen/vue';
+import { DialogTrigger } from '../dialog';
+import { injectDrawerRootContext } from './context';
+
+const props = defineProps<DrawerTriggerProps>();
+const { armReason } = injectDrawerRootContext();
+const { forwardRef } = useForwardExpose();
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <DialogTrigger v-bind="props" :ref="forwardRef" @click="armReason('trigger-press')">
+    <slot />
+  </DialogTrigger>
+</template>
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/Drawer.test.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/Drawer.test.ts
index 773a070..de3e780 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/Drawer.test.ts
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/Drawer.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import type { VueWrapper } from '@vue/test-utils';
 import { mount } from '@vue/test-utils';
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 import { defineComponent, h, nextTick, ref } from 'vue';
+import type { VNode } from 'vue';
 import {
   DrawerClose,
   DrawerContent,
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ import {
   DrawerTitle,
   DrawerTrigger,
 } from '../index';
+import { DRAWER_STYLE_ID } from '../style';
 
 const wrappers: Array<VueWrapper<any>> = [];
 
@@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ afterEach(() => {
   while (wrappers.length) wrappers.pop()!.unmount();
   document.body.innerHTML = '';
   document.body.removeAttribute('style');
-  document.getElementById('robonen-drawer')?.remove();
+  document.getElementById(DRAWER_STYLE_ID)?.remove();
 });
 
 function track<T extends VueWrapper<any>>(w: T): T {
@@ -35,6 +37,16 @@ async function flush(): Promise<void> {
   await nextTick();
 }
 
+function sleep(ms: number): Promise<void> {
+  return new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
+}
+
+/** Waits out the 500ms "no dragging during the open animation" guard. */
+async function openSettled(): Promise<void> {
+  await flush();
+  await sleep(600);
+}
+
 function $<T extends Element = HTMLElement>(selector: string): T | null {
   return document.querySelector<T>(selector);
 }
@@ -51,14 +63,52 @@ function $close(): HTMLButtonElement | undefined {
   return [...document.querySelectorAll('button')].find(b => b.textContent === 'Close');
 }
 
+function pointer(el: Element, type: string, x: number, y: number) {
+  el.dispatchEvent(new PointerEvent(type, {
+    button: type === 'pointermove' ? -1 : 0,
+    pointerId: 1,
+    isPrimary: true,
+    clientX: x,
+    clientY: y,
+    bubbles: true,
+    cancelable: true,
+  }));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Quick drag: ~10ms between moves keeps the velocity tracker's samples fresh,
+ * so releasing right after reads as a fling.
+ */
+async function fastDrag(el: Element, points: Array<[number, number]>) {
+  pointer(el, 'pointerdown', points[0]![0], points[0]![1]);
+
+  for (const [x, y] of points.slice(1)) {
+    await sleep(10);
+    pointer(el, 'pointermove', x, y);
+  }
+}
+
+/** Drag, then pause past MAX_VELOCITY_AGE so the release velocity reads 0. */
+async function slowDrag(el: Element, points: Array<[number, number]>) {
+  await fastDrag(el, points);
+  await sleep(120);
+}
+
 interface MountOptions {
   open?: boolean;
   defaultOpen?: boolean;
   modal?: boolean;
   dismissible?: boolean;
   direction?: 'top' | 'bottom' | 'left' | 'right';
+  snapPoints?: Array<number | string>;
+  handleOnly?: boolean;
   withHandle?: boolean;
-  onUpdateOpen?: (v: boolean) => void;
+  contentStyle?: Record<string, string>;
+  extraContent?: () => VNode;
+  onUpdateOpen?: (v: boolean, details?: { reason?: string }) => void;
+  onUpdateActiveSnapPoint?: (v: number | string) => void;
+  onRelease?: (open: boolean) => void;
+  onAnimationEnd?: (open: boolean) => void;
   onClose?: () => void;
 }
 
@@ -75,7 +125,12 @@ function mountDrawer(options: MountOptions = {}) {
           modal: options.modal ?? true,
           dismissible: options.dismissible ?? true,
           direction: options.direction ?? 'bottom',
+          snapPoints: options.snapPoints,
+          handleOnly: options.handleOnly,
           'onUpdate:open': options.onUpdateOpen,
+          'onUpdate:activeSnapPoint': options.onUpdateActiveSnapPoint,
+          onRelease: options.onRelease,
+          onAnimationEnd: options.onAnimationEnd,
           onClose: options.onClose,
         },
         {
@@ -84,12 +139,13 @@ function mountDrawer(options: MountOptions = {}) {
             h(DrawerPortal, null, {
               default: () => [
                 h(DrawerOverlay, { 'data-testid': 'overlay' }),
-                h(DrawerContent, null, {
+                h(DrawerContent, { style: { height: '200px', width: '200px', ...options.contentStyle } }, {
                   default: () => [
                     withHandle ? h(DrawerHandle) : null,
                     h(DrawerTitle, null, { default: () => 'Title' }),
                     h(DrawerDescription, null, { default: () => 'Desc' }),
                     h(DrawerClose, null, { default: () => 'Close' }),
+                    options.extraContent ? options.extraContent() : null,
                   ],
                 }),
               ],
@@ -113,7 +169,7 @@ describe('Drawer / markup', () => {
   it('injects the critical drawer stylesheet once', async () => {
     mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true });
     await flush();
-    const tags = document.querySelectorAll('#robonen-drawer');
+    const tags = document.querySelectorAll(`#${DRAWER_STYLE_ID}`);
     expect(tags.length).toBe(1);
     expect(tags[0]!.textContent).toContain('@keyframes slideFromBottom');
   });
@@ -152,13 +208,13 @@ describe('Drawer / open state', () => {
     expect($content()?.getAttribute('data-state') ?? 'closed').toBe('closed');
   });
 
-  it('emits update:open when the trigger is clicked (controlled)', async () => {
+  it('emits update:open with a trigger-press reason (controlled)', async () => {
     const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
     mountDrawer({ open: false, onUpdateOpen });
 
     $trigger().click();
     await flush();
-    expect(onUpdateOpen).toHaveBeenCalledWith(true);
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).toHaveBeenCalledWith(true, { reason: 'trigger-press' });
   });
 
   it('emits close exactly once when dismissed via DrawerClose', async () => {
@@ -175,6 +231,7 @@ describe('Drawer / open state', () => {
     // Regression: closing purely by setting the bound `open` prop to false (not
     // via a dialog dismissal) must still run the close side effects.
     const onClose = vi.fn();
+    const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
     const state = ref(true);
     const Wrapper = defineComponent({
       setup() {
@@ -182,7 +239,10 @@ describe('Drawer / open state', () => {
           DrawerRoot,
           {
             open: state.value,
-            'onUpdate:open': (v: boolean) => { state.value = v; },
+            'onUpdate:open': (v: boolean, details?: unknown) => {
+              state.value = v;
+              onUpdateOpen(v, details);
+            },
             onClose,
           },
           {
@@ -203,6 +263,8 @@ describe('Drawer / open state', () => {
     state.value = false;
     await flush();
     expect(onClose).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    // A programmatic flip carries no reason.
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false, undefined);
   });
 });
 
@@ -219,3 +281,497 @@ describe('Drawer / overlay', () => {
     expect($('[data-drawer-overlay]')).toBeNull();
   });
 });
+
+describe('Drawer / dismiss reasons', () => {
+  it('tags an Escape dismissal with escape-key', async () => {
+    const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, onUpdateOpen });
+    await flush();
+
+    document.dispatchEvent(new KeyboardEvent('keydown', { key: 'Escape', cancelable: true }));
+    await flush();
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false, { reason: 'escape-key' });
+  });
+
+  it('tags a DrawerClose click with close-press', async () => {
+    const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, onUpdateOpen });
+    await flush();
+
+    $close()!.click();
+    await flush();
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false, { reason: 'close-press' });
+  });
+});
+
+describe('Drawer / handle', () => {
+  it('closes a dismissible drawer without snap points on a handle tap', async () => {
+    const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, onUpdateOpen });
+    await flush();
+
+    $('[data-drawer-handle]')!.click();
+    await sleep(250); // past the double-tap window
+    await flush();
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false, { reason: 'handle-press' });
+  });
+
+  it('keeps a non-dismissible drawer open on a handle tap', async () => {
+    // Regression: the condition used to be inverted — a handle tap closed
+    // exactly the drawers that declared themselves non-dismissible.
+    const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, dismissible: false, onUpdateOpen });
+    await flush();
+
+    $('[data-drawer-handle]')!.click();
+    await sleep(250);
+    await flush();
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect($content()!.getAttribute('data-state')).toBe('open');
+  });
+
+  it('cycles snap points on tap and reports the new active point', async () => {
+    const onUpdateActiveSnapPoint = vi.fn();
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, snapPoints: [0.5, 1], onUpdateActiveSnapPoint });
+    await flush();
+
+    $('[data-drawer-handle]')!.click();
+    await sleep(250);
+    await flush();
+    expect(onUpdateActiveSnapPoint).toHaveBeenCalledWith(1);
+  });
+
+  it('cycles once on a double tap, not twice', async () => {
+    const onUpdateActiveSnapPoint = vi.fn();
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, snapPoints: [0.3, 0.6, 1], onUpdateActiveSnapPoint });
+    await flush();
+    onUpdateActiveSnapPoint.mockClear();
+
+    const handle = $('[data-drawer-handle]')!;
+
+    // A full tap is pointerdown → pointerup → click. Both taps are dispatched
+    // in the same synchronous block: no timer can fire in between, so the
+    // second press deterministically lands inside the double-tap window and
+    // must cancel the first pending cycle.
+    pointer(handle, 'pointerdown', 100, 100);
+    pointer(handle, 'pointerup', 100, 100);
+    handle.click();
+    pointer(handle, 'pointerdown', 100, 100);
+    pointer(handle, 'pointerup', 100, 100);
+    handle.click();
+
+    await sleep(300);
+    await flush();
+
+    expect(onUpdateActiveSnapPoint).toHaveBeenCalledWith(0.6);
+    expect(onUpdateActiveSnapPoint).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith(1);
+  });
+
+  it('does not cycle when a short drag on the handle ends in a click', async () => {
+    const onUpdateActiveSnapPoint = vi.fn();
+    const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
+    // Full-height content: fraction snap points assume the drawer can cover
+    // the window, otherwise every release projects as "closer to closed".
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, snapPoints: [0.5, 1], contentStyle: { height: '100vh' }, onUpdateActiveSnapPoint, onUpdateOpen });
+    await openSettled();
+    onUpdateActiveSnapPoint.mockClear();
+
+    const handle = $('[data-drawer-handle]')!;
+
+    // A small real drag from the handle (upward, so a dismissible drawer at
+    // its first snap point doesn't legitimately close), then the click the
+    // browser dispatches after release — pointer capture keeps it on the
+    // handle. The engaged drag must suppress the tap-to-cycle.
+    await slowDrag(handle, [[100, 300], [100, 290], [100, 280]]);
+    pointer(handle, 'pointerup', 100, 280);
+    handle.click();
+
+    await sleep(300);
+    await flush();
+
+    expect(onUpdateActiveSnapPoint).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith(1);
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('does not fire a pending tap cycle after the handle unmounts', async () => {
+    const showHandle = ref(true);
+    const onUpdateActiveSnapPoint = vi.fn();
+
+    // The root must stay mounted (its emitter alive) while only the handle
+    // unmounts — otherwise a leaked timer could never be observed.
+    const Wrapper = defineComponent({
+      setup() {
+        return () => h(
+          DrawerRoot,
+          { defaultOpen: true, snapPoints: [0.5, 1], 'onUpdate:activeSnapPoint': onUpdateActiveSnapPoint },
+          {
+            default: () => h(DrawerPortal, null, {
+              default: () => h(DrawerContent, { style: { height: '200px' } }, {
+                default: () => [
+                  showHandle.value ? h(DrawerHandle) : null,
+                  h(DrawerTitle, null, { default: () => 'Title' }),
+                  h(DrawerDescription, null, { default: () => 'Desc' }),
+                ],
+              }),
+            }),
+          },
+        );
+      },
+    });
+
+    track(mount(Wrapper, { attachTo: document.body }));
+    await flush();
+    onUpdateActiveSnapPoint.mockClear();
+
+    $('[data-drawer-handle]')!.click();
+    showHandle.value = false; // unmount inside the 120ms window
+    await flush();
+    await sleep(250);
+
+    expect(onUpdateActiveSnapPoint).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+});
+
+describe('Drawer / drag gesture', () => {
+  it('closes on a swipe past the close threshold with a swipe reason', async () => {
+    const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
+    const onRelease = vi.fn();
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, onUpdateOpen, onRelease });
+    await openSettled();
+
+    const content = $content()!;
+    await slowDrag(content, [[100, 300], [100, 330], [100, 360], [100, 390]]);
+    pointer(content, 'pointerup', 100, 390);
+    await flush();
+
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false, { reason: 'swipe' });
+    expect(onRelease).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false);
+  });
+
+  it('marks the content and overlay with data-swiping while dragging', async () => {
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true });
+    await openSettled();
+
+    const content = $content()!;
+    // Small drag + pause: stays under both the distance and velocity
+    // thresholds, so the drawer remains open after release.
+    await slowDrag(content, [[100, 300], [100, 315], [100, 330]]);
+
+    expect(content.hasAttribute('data-swiping')).toBe(true);
+    expect(content.classList.contains('drawer-dragging')).toBe(true);
+    expect($('[data-drawer-overlay]')!.hasAttribute('data-swiping')).toBe(true);
+
+    pointer(content, 'pointerup', 100, 330);
+    await flush();
+    expect(content.getAttribute('data-state')).toBe('open');
+    expect(content.hasAttribute('data-swiping')).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('settles back below the threshold when released without momentum', async () => {
+    const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
+    const onRelease = vi.fn();
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, onUpdateOpen, onRelease });
+    await openSettled();
+
+    const content = $content()!;
+    // 30px of a 200px drawer — under the 25% threshold; pause kills momentum.
+    await slowDrag(content, [[100, 300], [100, 315], [100, 330]]);
+    pointer(content, 'pointerup', 100, 330);
+    await flush();
+
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(onRelease).toHaveBeenCalledWith(true);
+    expect(content.style.transform).toBe('translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px)');
+  });
+
+  it('does not close after the user reverses past the cancel threshold', async () => {
+    // "Changed my mind": drag well past the close threshold, pull back, hold,
+    // release — the drawer must stay open even though the release point alone
+    // clears the distance threshold.
+    const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, onUpdateOpen });
+    await openSettled();
+
+    const content = $content()!;
+    await slowDrag(content, [[100, 300], [100, 360], [100, 420], [100, 360]]);
+    pointer(content, 'pointerup', 100, 360);
+    await flush();
+
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(content.getAttribute('data-state')).toBe('open');
+  });
+
+  it('recovers cleanly from pointercancel mid-drag', async () => {
+    const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, onUpdateOpen });
+    await openSettled();
+
+    const content = $content()!;
+    await fastDrag(content, [[100, 300], [100, 330], [100, 360]]);
+    expect(content.classList.contains('drawer-dragging')).toBe(true);
+
+    pointer(content, 'pointercancel', 100, 360);
+    await flush();
+
+    expect(content.classList.contains('drawer-dragging')).toBe(false);
+    expect(content.hasAttribute('data-swiping')).toBe(false);
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(content.style.transform).toBe('translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px)');
+
+    // The next gesture still works.
+    await slowDrag(content, [[100, 300], [100, 340], [100, 380], [100, 420]]);
+    pointer(content, 'pointerup', 100, 420);
+    await flush();
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false, { reason: 'swipe' });
+  });
+
+  it('ignores a cross-axis gesture (axis lock)', async () => {
+    const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, onUpdateOpen });
+    await openSettled();
+
+    const content = $content()!;
+    // Mostly-horizontal movement on a bottom drawer must never latch a drag.
+    await fastDrag(content, [[100, 300], [140, 305], [180, 310], [220, 315]]);
+    pointer(content, 'pointerup', 220, 315);
+    await flush();
+
+    expect(content.classList.contains('drawer-dragging')).toBe(false);
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('scales the close-out animation with the fling velocity', async () => {
+    const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
+    const onAnimationEnd = vi.fn();
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, onUpdateOpen, onAnimationEnd });
+    await openSettled();
+
+    const content = $content()!;
+    // Rapid successive moves keep the instantaneous velocity high.
+    await fastDrag(content, [[100, 300], [100, 330], [100, 360], [100, 390]]);
+    pointer(content, 'pointerup', 100, 390);
+    await flush();
+
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false, { reason: 'swipe' });
+    // The inline duration overrides the stylesheet's 0.5s for this close only.
+    expect(content.style.animationDuration).not.toBe('');
+    expect(Number.parseFloat(content.style.animationDuration)).toBeLessThan(0.5);
+
+    // animationEnd follows the (scaled) animation, via the real animationend.
+    await vi.waitFor(() => expect(onAnimationEnd).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false), { timeout: 1000 });
+  });
+
+  it('keeps the default close duration for a slow release past the threshold', async () => {
+    const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, onUpdateOpen });
+    await openSettled();
+
+    const content = $content()!;
+    await slowDrag(content, [[100, 300], [100, 330], [100, 360], [100, 390]]);
+    pointer(content, 'pointerup', 100, 390);
+    await flush();
+
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false, { reason: 'swipe' });
+    expect(content.style.animationDuration).toBe('');
+  });
+});
+
+describe('Drawer / pointer capture', () => {
+  it('captures the pointer on the pressed element, not the drawer content', async () => {
+    mountDrawer({
+      defaultOpen: true,
+      extraContent: () => h('button', { 'data-testid': 'inner' }, 'Inner'),
+    });
+    await flush();
+
+    const content = $content()!;
+    const button = $<HTMLButtonElement>('[data-testid="inner"]')!;
+    const captured: Element[] = [];
+
+    for (const el of [content, button])
+      (el as any).setPointerCapture = () => captured.push(el);
+
+    pointer(button, 'pointerdown', 100, 300);
+
+    // Capturing on the drawer would retarget the compat mouse events, so the
+    // button would never receive `click` — the capture must land on the button.
+    expect(captured).toEqual([button]);
+
+    pointer(button, 'pointerup', 100, 300);
+    await flush();
+    expect(content.getAttribute('data-state')).toBe('open');
+  });
+
+  it('captures on the handle for handleOnly gestures', async () => {
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, handleOnly: true });
+    await flush();
+
+    const content = $content()!;
+    const handle = $('[data-drawer-handle]')!;
+    const hitarea = $('[data-drawer-handle-hitarea]')!;
+    const captured: Element[] = [];
+
+    for (const el of [content, handle, hitarea])
+      (el as any).setPointerCapture = () => captured.push(el);
+
+    pointer(hitarea, 'pointerdown', 100, 300);
+
+    expect(captured).toEqual([handle]);
+
+    pointer(hitarea, 'pointerup', 100, 300);
+    await flush();
+  });
+});
+
+describe('Drawer / lifecycle machine', () => {
+  it('resets the active snap point only when a close actually settles', async () => {
+    const open = ref(true);
+    const active = ref<number | string | null | undefined>(0.9);
+
+    const Wrapper = defineComponent({
+      setup() {
+        return () => h(
+          DrawerRoot,
+          {
+            open: open.value,
+            snapPoints: [0.4, 0.9],
+            activeSnapPoint: active.value,
+            'onUpdate:open': (v: boolean) => { open.value = v; },
+            'onUpdate:activeSnapPoint': (v: number | string) => { active.value = v; },
+          },
+          {
+            default: () => h(DrawerPortal, null, {
+              default: () => h(DrawerContent, { style: { height: '200px' } }, {
+                default: () => [
+                  h(DrawerTitle, null, { default: () => 'Title' }),
+                  h(DrawerDescription, null, { default: () => 'Desc' }),
+                ],
+              }),
+            }),
+          },
+        );
+      },
+    });
+
+    track(mount(Wrapper, { attachTo: document.body }));
+    await flush();
+
+    // Close, then reopen before the exit settles: the pending close cleanup
+    // must NOT fire on the now-live drawer (the old fixed 500ms timeout did).
+    open.value = false;
+    await flush();
+    await sleep(60);
+    open.value = true;
+    await flush();
+    await sleep(700);
+
+    expect(active.value).toBe(0.9);
+
+    // A close that actually settles still resets to the first snap point.
+    open.value = false;
+    await flush();
+    await sleep(700);
+
+    expect(active.value).toBe(0.4);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('Drawer / scroll containers', () => {
+  function scrollerContent(direction: 'vertical' | 'horizontal') {
+    return () => h(
+      'div',
+      {
+        'data-testid': 'scroller',
+        style: direction === 'vertical'
+          ? 'height: 100px; overflow-y: auto;'
+          : 'width: 100px; overflow-x: auto;',
+      },
+      [h('div', {
+        style: direction === 'vertical' ? 'height: 400px;' : 'width: 400px; height: 20px;',
+      }, [h('span', { 'data-testid': 'leaf' }, 'content')])],
+    );
+  }
+
+  it('lets a mid-scroll container own the gesture (vertical)', async () => {
+    const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, onUpdateOpen, extraContent: scrollerContent('vertical') });
+    await openSettled();
+
+    const content = $content()!;
+    const scroller = $('[data-testid="scroller"]')!;
+    const leaf = $('[data-testid="leaf"]')!;
+
+    scroller.scrollTop = 50;
+    await slowDrag(leaf, [[100, 300], [100, 340], [100, 380], [100, 420]]);
+    pointer(leaf, 'pointerup', 100, 420);
+    await flush();
+    expect(content.classList.contains('drawer-dragging')).toBe(false);
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+    // At the top edge the same gesture is a dismiss.
+    scroller.scrollTop = 0;
+    await sleep(150); // clear the scroll-lock timeout
+    await slowDrag(leaf, [[100, 300], [100, 340], [100, 380], [100, 420]]);
+    pointer(leaf, 'pointerup', 100, 420);
+    await flush();
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false, { reason: 'swipe' });
+  });
+
+  it('respects horizontal scroll containers in side drawers', async () => {
+    // Regression: left/right drawers used to skip every shouldDrag check.
+    const onUpdateOpen = vi.fn();
+    mountDrawer({
+      defaultOpen: true,
+      direction: 'right',
+      onUpdateOpen,
+      extraContent: scrollerContent('horizontal'),
+    });
+    await openSettled();
+
+    const content = $content()!;
+    const scroller = $('[data-testid="scroller"]')!;
+    const leaf = $('[data-testid="leaf"]')!;
+
+    scroller.scrollLeft = 50;
+    await slowDrag(leaf, [[100, 300], [140, 300], [180, 300], [220, 300]]);
+    pointer(leaf, 'pointerup', 220, 300);
+    await flush();
+    expect(content.classList.contains('drawer-dragging')).toBe(false);
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+    scroller.scrollLeft = 0;
+    await sleep(150);
+    await slowDrag(leaf, [[100, 300], [140, 300], [180, 300], [220, 300]]);
+    pointer(leaf, 'pointerup', 220, 300);
+    await flush();
+    expect(onUpdateOpen).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false, { reason: 'swipe' });
+  });
+});
+
+describe('Drawer / snap points', () => {
+  it('positions the drawer at the first snap point and exposes the offsets', async () => {
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, snapPoints: [0.5, 1] });
+    await flush();
+
+    const content = $content()!;
+    expect(content.getAttribute('data-drawer-snap-points')).toBe('true');
+
+    const expected = Math.round(window.innerHeight - window.innerHeight * 0.5);
+    await vi.waitFor(() => {
+      expect(content.style.transform).toBe(`translate3d(0px, ${expected}px, 0px)`);
+    });
+    expect(content.style.getPropertyValue('--snap-point-height')).toBe(`${expected}px`);
+  });
+
+  it('resolves px and rem snap points', async () => {
+    mountDrawer({ defaultOpen: true, snapPoints: ['10rem', '500px'] });
+    await flush();
+
+    const content = $content()!;
+    const rem = Number.parseFloat(getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).fontSize) || 16;
+    const expected = Math.round(window.innerHeight - 10 * rem);
+    await vi.waitFor(() => {
+      expect(content.style.transform).toBe(`translate3d(0px, ${expected}px, 0px)`);
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/__screenshots__/Drawer.test.ts/Drawer---handle-does-not-cycle-when-a-short-drag-on-the-handle-ends-in-a-click-1.png b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/__screenshots__/Drawer.test.ts/Drawer---handle-does-not-cycle-when-a-short-drag-on-the-handle-ends-in-a-click-1.png
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diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/a11y.test.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/a11y.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d7669f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/a11y.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { mount } from '@vue/test-utils';
+import axe from 'axe-core';
+import { defineComponent, h, nextTick } from 'vue';
+import {
+  DrawerClose,
+  DrawerContent,
+  DrawerDescription,
+  DrawerHandle,
+  DrawerOverlay,
+  DrawerPortal,
+  DrawerRoot,
+  DrawerTitle,
+  DrawerTrigger,
+} from '../index';
+
+async function violations(element: Element) {
+  const results = await axe.run(element);
+  return results.violations;
+}
+
+async function flush() {
+  await nextTick();
+  await nextTick();
+  await nextTick();
+}
+
+function drawerFixture(defaultOpen: boolean) {
+  return defineComponent({
+    setup() {
+      return () => h(DrawerRoot, { defaultOpen }, {
+        default: () => [
+          h(DrawerTrigger, null, { default: () => 'Open drawer' }),
+          h(DrawerPortal, null, {
+            default: () => [
+              h(DrawerOverlay),
+              h(DrawerContent, null, {
+                default: () => [
+                  h(DrawerHandle),
+                  h(DrawerTitle, null, { default: () => 'Drawer title' }),
+                  h(DrawerDescription, null, { default: () => 'Drawer description' }),
+                  h(DrawerClose, null, { default: () => 'Close' }),
+                ],
+              }),
+            ],
+          }),
+        ],
+      });
+    },
+  });
+}
+
+describe('Drawer a11y', () => {
+  let wrapper: ReturnType<typeof mount> | undefined;
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    wrapper?.unmount();
+    wrapper = undefined;
+    document.body.innerHTML = '';
+    document.body.removeAttribute('style');
+  });
+
+  it('has no axe violations when closed', async () => {
+    wrapper = mount(drawerFixture(false), { attachTo: document.body });
+    await flush();
+    expect(await violations(document.body)).toHaveLength(0);
+  });
+
+  it('has no axe violations when open', async () => {
+    wrapper = mount(drawerFixture(true), { attachTo: document.body });
+    await flush();
+    expect(await violations(document.body)).toHaveLength(0);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/gesture.test.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/gesture.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6dc97fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/gesture.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import {
+  computeSettleDuration,
+  createReverseCancelTracker,
+  createVelocityTracker,
+  findScrollableAncestor,
+  isAtScrollEdge,
+} from '../gesture';
+import { MAX_VELOCITY_AGE, MIN_SETTLE_DURATION, MIN_VELOCITY_DT, TRANSITIONS } from '../constants';
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  document.body.innerHTML = '';
+});
+
+describe('createVelocityTracker', () => {
+  it('computes instantaneous velocity from the trailing pair of samples', () => {
+    const tracker = createVelocityTracker();
+
+    tracker.add(0, 0);
+    tracker.add(10, 20); // 0.5 px/ms — but superseded below
+    tracker.add(50, 40); // (50-10)/20 = 2 px/ms
+
+    expect(tracker.read(45)).toBe(2);
+  });
+
+  it('reads 0 when the pointer paused before release', () => {
+    const tracker = createVelocityTracker();
+
+    tracker.add(0, 0);
+    tracker.add(100, 20);
+
+    expect(tracker.read(20 + MAX_VELOCITY_AGE + 1)).toBe(0);
+  });
+
+  it('clamps tiny sample intervals so same-frame bursts do not spike', () => {
+    const tracker = createVelocityTracker();
+
+    tracker.add(0, 0);
+    tracker.add(32, 1); // dt clamped 1 → MIN_VELOCITY_DT
+
+    expect(tracker.read(2)).toBe(32 / MIN_VELOCITY_DT);
+  });
+
+  it('reads 0 before two samples exist', () => {
+    const tracker = createVelocityTracker();
+
+    expect(tracker.read(0)).toBe(0);
+    tracker.add(10, 0);
+    expect(tracker.read(1)).toBe(0);
+  });
+
+  it('ignores out-of-order samples', () => {
+    const tracker = createVelocityTracker();
+
+    tracker.add(0, 100);
+    tracker.add(50, 120);
+    tracker.add(999, 90); // stale timestamp — must not produce a velocity
+
+    expect(tracker.read(121)).toBe(50 / 20);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('createReverseCancelTracker', () => {
+  it('cancels once an armed gesture pulls back past the threshold', () => {
+    const tracker = createReverseCancelTracker();
+
+    tracker.update(60); // armed (> 20)
+    expect(tracker.cancelled).toBe(false);
+
+    tracker.update(45); // pulled back 15 > 10
+    expect(tracker.cancelled).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('does not cancel before the arm distance', () => {
+    const tracker = createReverseCancelTracker();
+
+    tracker.update(15);
+    tracker.update(0); // pulled back 15, but max never armed
+
+    expect(tracker.cancelled).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('tolerates jitter below the reverse threshold', () => {
+    const tracker = createReverseCancelTracker();
+
+    tracker.update(80);
+    tracker.update(72); // only 8 back
+
+    expect(tracker.cancelled).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('re-arms when the drag surpasses its previous furthest point', () => {
+    const tracker = createReverseCancelTracker();
+
+    tracker.update(60);
+    tracker.update(40);
+    expect(tracker.cancelled).toBe(true);
+
+    tracker.update(70); // renewed intent
+    expect(tracker.cancelled).toBe(false);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('computeSettleDuration', () => {
+  it('keeps the default duration for slow releases', () => {
+    expect(computeSettleDuration(300, 0.1)).toBe(TRANSITIONS.DURATION);
+    expect(computeSettleDuration(300, 0)).toBe(TRANSITIONS.DURATION);
+  });
+
+  it('scales the duration down with a hard flick', () => {
+    // 100px left at 2px/ms → 50ms, clamped up to the minimum.
+    expect(computeSettleDuration(100, 2)).toBe(MIN_SETTLE_DURATION / 1000);
+    // 400px left at 1px/ms → 400ms.
+    expect(computeSettleDuration(400, 1)).toBe(0.4);
+  });
+
+  it('never exceeds the default duration', () => {
+    expect(computeSettleDuration(10_000, 0.5)).toBe(TRANSITIONS.DURATION);
+  });
+
+  it('falls back on degenerate distances', () => {
+    expect(computeSettleDuration(0, 3)).toBe(TRANSITIONS.DURATION);
+    expect(computeSettleDuration(Number.NaN, 3)).toBe(TRANSITIONS.DURATION);
+  });
+});
+
+function scrollableFixture() {
+  document.body.innerHTML = `
+    <div id="drawer" style="height: 200px;">
+      <div id="scroller" style="height: 100px; width: 100px; overflow: auto;">
+        <div id="inner" style="height: 400px; width: 400px;">
+          <span id="leaf">content</span>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  `;
+
+  return {
+    drawer: document.getElementById('drawer')! as HTMLElement,
+    scroller: document.getElementById('scroller')! as HTMLElement,
+    leaf: document.getElementById('leaf')! as HTMLElement,
+  };
+}
+
+describe('findScrollableAncestor', () => {
+  it('finds the nearest scrollable ancestor along the axis', () => {
+    const { drawer, scroller, leaf } = scrollableFixture();
+
+    expect(findScrollableAncestor(leaf, drawer, 'y')).toBe(scroller);
+    expect(findScrollableAncestor(leaf, drawer, 'x')).toBe(scroller);
+  });
+
+  it('returns null when nothing scrolls', () => {
+    const { drawer } = scrollableFixture();
+
+    expect(findScrollableAncestor(drawer, drawer, 'y')).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it('stops at the boundary', () => {
+    const { scroller, leaf } = scrollableFixture();
+    const inner = document.getElementById('inner')! as HTMLElement;
+
+    // Boundary below the scroller — the walk must not escape it.
+    expect(findScrollableAncestor(leaf, inner, 'y')).toBeNull();
+    void scroller;
+  });
+
+  it('ignores overflow visible/hidden containers', () => {
+    document.body.innerHTML = `
+      <div id="drawer">
+        <div id="clipped" style="height: 50px; overflow: hidden;">
+          <div style="height: 300px;"><span id="leaf">x</span></div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    `;
+
+    const drawer = document.getElementById('drawer')! as HTMLElement;
+    const leaf = document.getElementById('leaf')! as HTMLElement;
+
+    expect(findScrollableAncestor(leaf, drawer, 'y')).toBeNull();
+  });
+});
+
+describe('isAtScrollEdge', () => {
+  it('bottom drawer requires the scroller at its top', () => {
+    const { scroller } = scrollableFixture();
+
+    scroller.scrollTop = 0;
+    expect(isAtScrollEdge(scroller, 'bottom')).toBe(true);
+
+    scroller.scrollTop = 50;
+    expect(isAtScrollEdge(scroller, 'bottom')).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('top drawer requires the scroller at its bottom', () => {
+    const { scroller } = scrollableFixture();
+
+    scroller.scrollTop = scroller.scrollHeight - scroller.clientHeight;
+    expect(isAtScrollEdge(scroller, 'top')).toBe(true);
+
+    scroller.scrollTop = 0;
+    expect(isAtScrollEdge(scroller, 'top')).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('right drawer requires the scroller at its left edge', () => {
+    const { scroller } = scrollableFixture();
+
+    scroller.scrollLeft = 0;
+    expect(isAtScrollEdge(scroller, 'right')).toBe(true);
+
+    scroller.scrollLeft = 40;
+    expect(isAtScrollEdge(scroller, 'right')).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('left drawer requires the scroller at its right edge', () => {
+    const { scroller } = scrollableFixture();
+
+    scroller.scrollLeft = scroller.scrollWidth - scroller.clientWidth;
+    expect(isAtScrollEdge(scroller, 'left')).toBe(true);
+
+    scroller.scrollLeft = 0;
+    expect(isAtScrollEdge(scroller, 'left')).toBe(false);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/snapping.test.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/snapping.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ae8cb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/__test__/snapping.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import {
+  findSnapPointIndex,
+  projectSnapRelease,
+  resolveSnapPointOffset,
+  resolveSnapPointSize,
+} from '../snapping';
+
+const WINDOW = 800;
+const REM = 16;
+
+describe('resolveSnapPointSize', () => {
+  it('treats numbers in (0, 1] as window fractions', () => {
+    expect(resolveSnapPointSize(0.5, WINDOW, REM)).toBe(400);
+    expect(resolveSnapPointSize(1, WINDOW, REM)).toBe(WINDOW);
+  });
+
+  it('treats numbers above 1 as pixels', () => {
+    expect(resolveSnapPointSize(620, WINDOW, REM)).toBe(620);
+  });
+
+  it('parses px strings', () => {
+    expect(resolveSnapPointSize('148px', WINDOW, REM)).toBe(148);
+    expect(resolveSnapPointSize('148.6px', WINDOW, REM)).toBe(149);
+  });
+
+  it('parses rem strings against the root font size', () => {
+    expect(resolveSnapPointSize('30rem', WINDOW, REM)).toBe(480);
+    expect(resolveSnapPointSize('30rem', WINDOW, 20)).toBe(600);
+  });
+
+  it('rejects unknown units and degenerate values', () => {
+    expect(resolveSnapPointSize('50%', WINDOW, REM)).toBeNull();
+    expect(resolveSnapPointSize('10vh', WINDOW, REM)).toBeNull();
+    expect(resolveSnapPointSize('abc', WINDOW, REM)).toBeNull();
+    expect(resolveSnapPointSize('-10px', WINDOW, REM)).toBeNull();
+    expect(resolveSnapPointSize(0, WINDOW, REM)).toBeNull();
+    expect(resolveSnapPointSize(-0.5, WINDOW, REM)).toBeNull();
+    expect(resolveSnapPointSize(Number.NaN, WINDOW, REM)).toBeNull();
+  });
+});
+
+describe('resolveSnapPointOffset', () => {
+  it('signs the translate toward the anchored edge', () => {
+    expect(resolveSnapPointOffset(0.25, 'bottom', WINDOW, REM)).toBe(600);
+    expect(resolveSnapPointOffset(0.25, 'right', WINDOW, REM)).toBe(600);
+    expect(resolveSnapPointOffset(0.25, 'top', WINDOW, REM)).toBe(-600);
+    expect(resolveSnapPointOffset(0.25, 'left', WINDOW, REM)).toBe(-600);
+  });
+
+  it('clamps oversized snap points at fully open', () => {
+    expect(resolveSnapPointOffset(1200, 'bottom', WINDOW, REM)).toBe(0);
+  });
+
+  it('maps invalid points to NaN', () => {
+    expect(resolveSnapPointOffset('50%', 'bottom', WINDOW, REM)).toBeNaN();
+  });
+});
+
+describe('findSnapPointIndex', () => {
+  const points = [0.25, '400px', '30rem'];
+
+  it('matches by identity first', () => {
+    expect(findSnapPointIndex(points, '400px', WINDOW, REM)).toBe(1);
+  });
+
+  it('matches equivalent representations by resolved size', () => {
+    expect(findSnapPointIndex(points, 0.5, WINDOW, REM)).toBe(1); // 0.5 * 800 = 400px
+    expect(findSnapPointIndex(points, 480, WINDOW, REM)).toBe(2); // 30rem = 480px
+  });
+
+  it('returns null when nothing matches', () => {
+    expect(findSnapPointIndex(points, 0.9, WINDOW, REM)).toBeNull();
+    expect(findSnapPointIndex(points, null, WINDOW, REM)).toBeNull();
+    expect(findSnapPointIndex(points, undefined, WINDOW, REM)).toBeNull();
+  });
+});
+
+describe('projectSnapRelease', () => {
+  // Dismiss-positive space on an 800px-tall drawer: fully open = 0, closed = 800.
+  const base = {
+    offsets: [600, 400, 0], // least → most visible
+    drawerSize: 800,
+    dismissible: true,
+    sequential: false,
+  };
+
+  it('snaps to the point nearest the drag target when slow', () => {
+    // From 600, dragged 180 toward open → 420 → nearest is 400.
+    expect(projectSnapRelease({
+      ...base,
+      activeIndex: 0,
+      draggedDistance: 180,
+      velocity: 0,
+    })).toEqual({ type: 'snap', index: 1 });
+  });
+
+  it('stays on the active point after a tiny slow drag', () => {
+    expect(projectSnapRelease({
+      ...base,
+      activeIndex: 0,
+      draggedDistance: 40,
+      velocity: 0,
+    })).toEqual({ type: 'snap', index: 0 });
+  });
+
+  it('projects a fling across points the drag alone would not reach', () => {
+    // From 600, dragged only 40 toward open, but flung at -1.5 px/ms
+    // (toward open) → 560 - 450 = 110 → nearest is 0 (fully open).
+    expect(projectSnapRelease({
+      ...base,
+      activeIndex: 0,
+      draggedDistance: 40,
+      velocity: -1.5,
+    })).toEqual({ type: 'snap', index: 2 });
+  });
+
+  it('closes when the projection lands nearer to fully-closed', () => {
+    // From 600, dragged 100 toward dismiss → 700; 100 from closed vs 100 from
+    // 600 — ties stay open; add a dismiss fling to push past.
+    expect(projectSnapRelease({
+      ...base,
+      activeIndex: 0,
+      draggedDistance: -100,
+      velocity: 0.6,
+    })).toEqual({ type: 'close' });
+  });
+
+  it('never closes a non-dismissible drawer', () => {
+    expect(projectSnapRelease({
+      ...base,
+      dismissible: false,
+      activeIndex: 0,
+      draggedDistance: -150,
+      velocity: 2,
+    })).toEqual({ type: 'snap', index: 0 });
+  });
+
+  it('clamps the fling velocity', () => {
+    // Absurd velocity toward open must land on the last point, not overshoot
+    // into an invalid index.
+    expect(projectSnapRelease({
+      ...base,
+      activeIndex: 0,
+      draggedDistance: 0,
+      velocity: -50,
+    })).toEqual({ type: 'snap', index: 2 });
+  });
+
+  it('skips NaN offsets', () => {
+    expect(projectSnapRelease({
+      ...base,
+      offsets: [600, Number.NaN, 0],
+      activeIndex: 0,
+      draggedDistance: 250, // → 350, nearest usable is 600? |350-600|=250 vs |350-0|=350
+      velocity: 0,
+    })).toEqual({ type: 'snap', index: 0 });
+  });
+
+  describe('sequential mode', () => {
+    const sequential = { ...base, sequential: true };
+
+    it('advances a single step on a physical crossing', () => {
+      // From 600 dragged far toward open (target 100, crossed 400) — but only
+      // one step is allowed.
+      expect(projectSnapRelease({
+        ...sequential,
+        activeIndex: 0,
+        draggedDistance: 500,
+        velocity: 0,
+      })).toEqual({ type: 'snap', index: 1 });
+    });
+
+    it('advances on a fast fling without a crossing', () => {
+      expect(projectSnapRelease({
+        ...sequential,
+        activeIndex: 1,
+        draggedDistance: 60,
+        velocity: -0.8,
+      })).toEqual({ type: 'snap', index: 2 });
+    });
+
+    it('stays put on a slow drag without a crossing', () => {
+      expect(projectSnapRelease({
+        ...sequential,
+        activeIndex: 1,
+        draggedDistance: 60,
+        velocity: 0,
+      })).toEqual({ type: 'snap', index: 1 });
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/constants.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/constants.ts
index 2ed9705..8b25e5d 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/constants.ts
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/constants.ts
@@ -24,3 +24,33 @@ export const WINDOW_TOP_OFFSET = 26;
 
 /** Class applied to the drawer element while a drag is in progress. */
 export const DRAG_CLASS = 'drawer-dragging';
+
+/** Smallest dt (ms) a velocity sample may span — clamps out same-frame event spikes. */
+export const MIN_VELOCITY_DT = 16;
+
+/** A velocity sample older than this (ms) at release means the pointer stopped — velocity is 0. */
+export const MAX_VELOCITY_AGE = 80;
+
+/** Dismiss displacement (px) a gesture must reach before the reverse-cancel detector arms. */
+export const REVERSE_CANCEL_ARM_DISTANCE = 20;
+
+/** Pulling back this many px from the gesture's furthest point cancels the dismiss. */
+export const REVERSE_CANCEL_THRESHOLD = 10;
+
+/** Pointer movement (px) needed before the gesture locks onto an axis. */
+export const AXIS_LOCK_DISTANCE = 2;
+
+/** Snap release: velocity (px/ms) below which the fling projection is skipped. */
+export const SNAP_VELOCITY_THRESHOLD = 0.5;
+
+/** Snap release: ms worth of travel a fling projects the release target ahead. */
+export const SNAP_VELOCITY_MULTIPLIER = 300;
+
+/** Snap release: velocity clamp (px/ms) for the fling projection. */
+export const MAX_SNAP_VELOCITY = 4;
+
+/** Release velocity (px/ms) below which the settle keeps the default duration. */
+export const SETTLE_VELOCITY_THRESHOLD = 0.2;
+
+/** Fastest settle transition (ms) a hard flick can produce. */
+export const MIN_SETTLE_DURATION = 80;
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/context.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/context.ts
index 93c3710..ba13dbd 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/context.ts
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/context.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,24 @@
-import type { Ref } from 'vue';
+import type { Ref, ShallowRef } from 'vue';
 import { useContextFactory } from '@robonen/vue';
 import type { MaybeElementRef } from '@robonen/vue';
-import type { DrawerDirection } from './types';
+import type { DrawerDirection, DrawerOpenChangeReason, DrawerPhase } from './types';
 
 export interface DrawerRootContext {
   /** Source-of-truth open state (also bound to the underlying Dialog). */
   open: Ref<boolean>;
   /** Alias of {@link open}; kept for parity with consumers reading `isOpen`. */
   isOpen: Ref<boolean>;
+  /**
+   * Lifecycle phase of the drawer — unlike {@link open}, the enter/exit
+   * transitions are explicit states (`opening`/`closing`).
+   */
+  phase: Readonly<ShallowRef<DrawerPhase>>;
+  /**
+   * Signal that the open/close animation settled. Called by DrawerRoot when the
+   * drawer element's transition/animation ends (or its fallback timeout fires);
+   * advances {@link phase} out of `opening`/`closing`.
+   */
+  notifySettled: () => void;
   /** Whether the drawer blocks the rest of the page (focus trap, scroll lock). */
   modal: Ref<boolean>;
   /** Becomes `true` the first time the drawer opens; gates Safari position fixes. */
@@ -20,11 +31,11 @@ export interface DrawerRootContext {
   handleRef: MaybeElementRef<HTMLElement | undefined>;
   /** Whether a pointer drag is currently in progress. */
   isDragging: Ref<boolean>;
-  /** Timestamp the active drag started, for velocity calculations. */
-  dragStartTime: Ref<Date | null>;
+  /** `event.timeStamp` of the active drag's start (ms, `performance.now()` clock). */
+  dragStartTime: Ref<number | null>;
   /** Latched once a drag is permitted, so it can't be cancelled mid-gesture. */
   isAllowedToDrag: Ref<boolean>;
-  /** Configured snap points (fractions of the screen or px strings). */
+  /** Configured snap points (fractions of the screen, px numbers, or px/rem strings). */
   snapPoints: Ref<Array<number | string> | undefined>;
   /** Whether any snap points are configured. */
   hasSnapPoints: Ref<boolean>;
@@ -38,18 +49,35 @@ export interface DrawerRootContext {
   dismissible: Ref<boolean>;
   /** Measured height of the drawer content in px. */
   drawerHeightRef: Ref<number>;
-  /** Pixel offset of each snap point along the drag axis. */
+  /** Pixel offset of each snap point along the drag axis (`NaN` for invalid points). */
   snapPointsOffset: Ref<number[]>;
   /** The edge the drawer is anchored to. */
   direction: Ref<DrawerDirection>;
-  /** Begin a drag gesture. */
-  onPress: (event: PointerEvent) => void;
+  /**
+   * Begin a drag gesture. `captureTarget` is the element that receives pointer
+   * capture (defaults to the pressed element — capturing any higher, e.g. on
+   * the drawer itself, would retarget `click` away from controls inside; the
+   * handle passes itself so `handleOnly` gestures keep receiving moves).
+   */
+  onPress: (event: PointerEvent, captureTarget?: HTMLElement) => void;
   /** Update the drawer position during a drag. */
   onDrag: (event: PointerEvent) => void;
   /** Settle the drawer (snap, close, or reset) when the pointer is released. */
   onRelease: (event: PointerEvent) => void;
-  /** Programmatically close the drawer. */
-  closeDrawer: () => void;
+  /**
+   * Abort the active drag without a user release (`pointercancel`, lost
+   * capture): resets the drag state and settles the drawer back in place.
+   */
+  onCancel: (event: PointerEvent) => void;
+  /** Programmatically close the drawer, optionally tagging what caused it. */
+  closeDrawer: (reason?: DrawerOpenChangeReason) => void;
+  /**
+   * Tag the next open-state flip with a reason. Consumed (and cleared) by
+   * DrawerRoot's `update:open` emitter; auto-expires when no flip follows.
+   */
+  armReason: (reason: DrawerOpenChangeReason) => void;
+  /** Reason armed for the next open-state flip, if any. */
+  pendingReason: { current: DrawerOpenChangeReason | undefined };
   /** Whether the overlay should fade with the drag at the current snap point. */
   shouldFade: Ref<boolean>;
   /** Snap point index from which the overlay starts fading. */
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/controls.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/controls.ts
index e4787f4..afc1f71 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/controls.ts
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/controls.ts
@@ -2,21 +2,31 @@ import type { Ref } from 'vue';
 import { computed, ref, shallowRef, watch, watchEffect } from 'vue';
 import { isClient } from '@robonen/platform/multi';
 import { getTranslate, resetStyle, setStyle } from '@robonen/platform/browsers';
-import { dampenValue, getDrawerWrapper, isVertical } from './helpers';
-import { BORDER_RADIUS, DRAG_CLASS, NESTED_DISPLACEMENT, TRANSITIONS, VELOCITY_THRESHOLD, WINDOW_TOP_OFFSET } from './constants';
+import { useStateMachine, useTextSelection, useWindowSize } from '@robonen/vue';
+import { dampenValue, getDrawerWrapper, getScaleFactor, isVertical, translate3d, translateAxis, writeTransform } from './helpers';
+import {
+  AXIS_LOCK_DISTANCE,
+  BORDER_RADIUS,
+  DRAG_CLASS,
+  NESTED_DISPLACEMENT,
+  TRANSITIONS,
+  VELOCITY_THRESHOLD,
+} from './constants';
+import type { GestureAxis, ReverseCancelTracker, VelocityTracker } from './gesture';
+import { computeSettleDuration, createReverseCancelTracker, createVelocityTracker, findScrollableAncestor, isAtScrollEdge } from './gesture';
 import { useSnapPoints } from './useSnapPoints';
 import { usePositionFixed } from './usePositionFixed';
 import type { DrawerRootContext } from './context';
-import type { DrawerDirection } from './types';
+import type { DrawerDirection, DrawerOpenChangeDetails, DrawerOpenChangeReason } from './types';
 
 /** Shared, never-mutated — avoids allocating `{ transition: 'none' }` per drag frame. */
 const STYLE_NO_TRANSITION = { transition: 'none' };
 
 export interface WithoutFadeFromProps {
   /**
-   * Fractions (0–1) of the screen each snap point occupies, ordered from least
-   * to most visible — e.g. `[0.2, 0.5, 0.8]`. Px strings (e.g. `'200px'`) are
-   * also accepted and ignore screen height.
+   * Snap points ordered from least to most visible: fractions (0–1) of the
+   * screen, raw pixel numbers (> 1), or `'Npx'`/`'Nrem'` strings — e.g.
+   * `[0.2, '148px', 0.8]`.
    */
   snapPoints?: Array<number | string>;
   /** Index of the snap point from which the overlay fade begins. Defaults to the last. */
@@ -82,6 +92,12 @@ export type DrawerRootProps = {
   handleOnly?: boolean;
   /** Don't restore scroll position when the drawer closes after a navigation. */
   preventScrollRestoration?: boolean;
+  /**
+   * Settle on the snap point adjacent to the active one (one step per gesture)
+   * instead of the nearest to where the drag ended.
+   * @default false
+   */
+  snapToSequentialPoints?: boolean;
 } & WithoutFadeFromProps;
 
 export interface UseDrawerProps {
@@ -101,6 +117,7 @@ export interface UseDrawerProps {
   noBodyStyles: Ref<boolean>;
   preventScrollRestoration: Ref<boolean>;
   handleOnly: Ref<boolean>;
+  snapToSequentialPoints: Ref<boolean>;
 }
 
 export interface DrawerRootEmits {
@@ -110,8 +127,8 @@ export interface DrawerRootEmits {
   (e: 'release', open: boolean): void;
   /** Fired when the drawer begins closing. */
   (e: 'close'): void;
-  /** Two-way binding for the open state. */
-  (e: 'update:open', open: boolean): void;
+  /** Two-way binding for the open state. `details.reason` says what flipped it. */
+  (e: 'update:open', open: boolean, details?: DrawerOpenChangeDetails): void;
   /** Two-way binding for the active snap point. */
   (e: 'update:activeSnapPoint', val: string | number): void;
   /** Fired after the open/close animation ends, with the open state at that time. */
@@ -129,6 +146,47 @@ export interface DrawerHandleProps {
   preventCycle?: boolean;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Everything the drag hot path needs, snapshotted once at `onPress` so no
+ * pointer-move ever reads layout (`getBoundingClientRect`/`getComputedStyle`),
+ * queries the document, or allocates. Discarded on release/cancel.
+ */
+interface GestureState {
+  pointerId: number;
+  captureTarget: Element;
+  vertical: boolean;
+  /** +1 when the dismiss direction increases the client coordinate (bottom/right). */
+  multiplier: 1 | -1;
+  startX: number;
+  startY: number;
+  /** Drawer size (px) along the drag axis, measured once at press. */
+  size: number;
+  /** Window dimension (px) along the drag axis. */
+  windowSize: number;
+  /** Background-scale factor, cached so drag frames don't read `window.innerWidth`. */
+  scale: number;
+  /**
+   * Inline translate currently applied to the drawer (px, signed). Seeded from
+   * the computed style once at press (so a mid-animation grab starts from the
+   * on-screen position) and mirrored on every write afterwards — the drag path
+   * never reads computed styles.
+   */
+  translate: number;
+  wrapper: HTMLElement | null;
+  /** Nearest scrollable ancestor under the pointer along the drag axis. */
+  scroller: HTMLElement | null;
+  /** Whether the first significant movement has locked the gesture's axis. */
+  axisLocked: boolean;
+  /** The gesture locked onto the cross axis — never a drawer drag. */
+  blocked: boolean;
+  velocity: VelocityTracker;
+  reverse: ReverseCancelTracker;
+  /** Last written overlay opacity (`''` = none yet) — skips redundant writes. */
+  lastOverlayOpacity: string;
+  /** Last wrapper-scale progress written (`-1` = none yet) — skips redundant writes. */
+  lastWrapperProgress: number;
+}
+
 function usePropOrDefaultRef<T>(prop: Ref<T | undefined> | undefined, defaultRef: Ref<T>): Ref<T> {
   return prop && !!prop.value ? (prop as Ref<T>) : defaultRef;
 }
@@ -157,19 +215,19 @@ export function useDrawer(props: UseDrawerProps & DialogEmitHandlers): DrawerRoo
     noBodyStyles,
     handleOnly,
     preventScrollRestoration,
+    snapToSequentialPoints,
   } = props;
 
   const hasBeenOpened = ref(open.value);
   const isDragging = ref(false);
-  const justReleased = ref(false);
+  const isAllowedToDrag = ref(false);
+  const dragStartTime = ref<number | null>(null);
 
   const overlayRef = shallowRef<HTMLElement | undefined>(undefined);
 
-  const openTime = ref<Date | null>(null);
-  const dragStartTime = ref<Date | null>(null);
-  const dragEndTime = ref<Date | null>(null);
-  const lastTimeDragPrevented = ref<Date | null>(null);
-  const isAllowedToDrag = ref(false);
+  // Timestamps on the `performance.now()` clock (same origin as event.timeStamp).
+  let openTime: number | null = null;
+  let lastTimeDragPrevented: number | null = null;
 
   const nestedOpenChangeTimer = ref<number | null>(null);
 
@@ -185,11 +243,31 @@ export function useDrawer(props: UseDrawerProps & DialogEmitHandlers): DrawerRoo
 
   const handleRef = shallowRef<HTMLElement | undefined>(undefined);
 
+  // Shared reactive window dimensions (0 during SSR) and text selection — one
+  // listener each, reused by the gesture, the scale math, and the snap engine.
+  const { width: windowWidth, height: windowHeight } = useWindowSize({ initialWidth: 0, initialHeight: 0 });
+  const { text: selectedText } = useTextSelection();
+
+  /** Reason armed for the next open-state flip; consumed by DrawerRoot's emitter. */
+  const pendingReason: { current: DrawerOpenChangeReason | undefined } = { current: undefined };
+
+  function armReason(reason: DrawerOpenChangeReason) {
+    pendingReason.current = reason;
+
+    // Auto-expire so a dismiss that ends up prevented can't mislabel a later
+    // programmatic flip. The open watcher (microtask) always wins this timeout.
+    setTimeout(() => {
+      if (pendingReason.current === reason)
+        pendingReason.current = undefined;
+    }, 0);
+  }
+
   const {
     activeSnapPointIndex,
     onRelease: onReleaseSnapPoints,
     snapPointsOffset,
     onDrag: onDragSnapPoints,
+    restoreActiveSnapPoint,
     shouldFade,
     getPercentageDragged: getSnapPointsPercentageDragged,
   } = useSnapPoints({
@@ -200,13 +278,16 @@ export function useDrawer(props: UseDrawerProps & DialogEmitHandlers): DrawerRoo
     overlayRef,
     onSnapPointChange,
     direction,
+    snapToSequentialPoints,
+    windowWidth,
+    windowHeight,
   });
 
   function onSnapPointChange(activeSnapPointIndex: number, snapPointsOffset: number[]) {
     // Refresh openTime when we reach the last snap point so scrollable content
     // there isn't immediately draggable.
     if (snapPoints.value && activeSnapPointIndex === snapPointsOffset.length - 1)
-      openTime.value = new Date();
+      openTime = performance.now();
   }
 
   usePositionFixed({
@@ -218,203 +299,300 @@ export function useDrawer(props: UseDrawerProps & DialogEmitHandlers): DrawerRoo
     preventScrollRestoration,
   });
 
-  function getScale() {
-    return (window.innerWidth - WINDOW_TOP_OFFSET) / window.innerWidth;
-  }
+  // The drawer's lifecycle as explicit phases. `OPEN`/`CLOSE` are driven by the
+  // shared `open` ref below; `SETTLE` arrives from DrawerRoot when the enter/exit
+  // animation actually ends (element event or its fallback timeout). Close-side
+  // cleanup lives on the `closed` entry hook instead of duration-guessing
+  // timeouts: re-opening mid-close moves `closing → opening`, so it can never
+  // fire on a live drawer.
+  const lifecycle = useStateMachine({
+    initial: open.value ? 'open' : 'closed',
+    states: {
+      closed: {
+        entry: () => {
+          if (snapPoints.value)
+            activeSnapPoint.value = snapPoints.value[0];
+        },
+        on: { OPEN: 'opening' },
+      },
+      opening: {
+        entry: () => {
+          openTime = performance.now();
+          hasBeenOpened.value = true;
+          // A fast-flick close writes an inline animation-duration override;
+          // reopening before that exit settles reuses the SAME element
+          // (Presence keeps it alive), so clear the override here or the enter
+          // — and any later gentle exit — replays at flick speed.
+          drawerRef.value?.style.removeProperty('animation-duration');
+          overlayRef.value?.style.removeProperty('animation-duration');
+        },
+        on: { SETTLE: 'open', CLOSE: 'closing' },
+      },
+      open: { on: { CLOSE: 'closing' } },
+      closing: { on: { SETTLE: 'closed', OPEN: 'opening' } },
+    },
+  });
+
+  let gesture: GestureState | null = null;
+
+  function shouldDrag(el: EventTarget | null, isDraggingInDirection: boolean, now: number): boolean {
+    const g = gesture!;
 
-  function shouldDrag(el: EventTarget | null, isDraggingInDirection: boolean) {
     if (!el)
       return false;
-    let element = el as HTMLElement;
-    const highlightedText = globalThis.getSelection()?.toString();
-    const swipeAmount = drawerRef.value ? getTranslate(drawerRef.value, isVertical(direction.value) ? 'y' : 'x') : null;
-    const date = new Date();
 
-    if (element.hasAttribute('data-drawer-no-drag') || element.closest('[data-drawer-no-drag]'))
+    const element = el as HTMLElement;
+
+    if (element.closest?.('[data-drawer-no-drag]'))
       return false;
 
-    if (direction.value === 'right' || direction.value === 'left')
-      return true;
-
     // Allow scrolling during the open animation.
-    if (openTime.value && date.getTime() - openTime.value.getTime() < 500)
+    if (openTime !== null && now - openTime < 500)
       return false;
 
-    if (swipeAmount !== null) {
-      if (direction.value === 'bottom' ? swipeAmount > 0 : swipeAmount < 0)
-        return true;
-    }
+    // Partially hidden (a snap point below fully open, or a mid-animation
+    // grab) — the drawer is always draggable.
+    const swipeAmount = g.translate;
 
-    // Don't drag when text is selected.
-    if (highlightedText && highlightedText.length > 0)
+    if (g.multiplier === 1 ? swipeAmount > 0 : swipeAmount < 0)
+      return true;
+
+    // Don't drag when text is selected (reactive — no per-move getSelection).
+    if (selectedText.value.length > 0)
       return false;
 
     // Don't drag right after scrolling inside the drawer.
     if (
-      lastTimeDragPrevented.value
-      && date.getTime() - lastTimeDragPrevented.value.getTime() < scrollLockTimeout.value
+      lastTimeDragPrevented !== null
+      && now - lastTimeDragPrevented < scrollLockTimeout.value
       && swipeAmount === 0
     ) {
-      lastTimeDragPrevented.value = date;
+      lastTimeDragPrevented = now;
       return false;
     }
 
     if (isDraggingInDirection) {
-      lastTimeDragPrevented.value = date;
+      lastTimeDragPrevented = now;
       // Dragging in the open direction → allow scrolling instead.
       return false;
     }
 
-    // Walk up the tree; if a scrollable ancestor isn't at the top, scroll it instead of dragging.
-    while (element) {
-      if (element.scrollHeight > element.clientHeight) {
-        if (element.scrollTop !== 0) {
-          lastTimeDragPrevented.value = new Date();
-          return false;
-        }
-
-        if (element.getAttribute('role') === 'dialog')
-          return true;
-      }
-
-      element = element.parentNode as HTMLElement;
+    // A scroll container under the pointer owns the gesture unless it already
+    // sits at the edge the dismiss direction pulls away from.
+    if (g.scroller && !isAtScrollEdge(g.scroller, direction.value)) {
+      lastTimeDragPrevented = now;
+      return false;
     }
 
     return true;
   }
 
-  // Measured once per gesture in onPress and reused every move — avoids a
-  // per-frame getBoundingClientRect (forced reflow) and document.querySelector.
-  let dragStartHeight = 0;
-  let dragWrapper: HTMLElement | null = null;
+  function onPress(event: PointerEvent, captureTarget?: HTMLElement) {
+    // One gesture at a time; a second touch never steals an active drag. But a
+    // gesture whose capture element left the DOM can never finish (its
+    // lostpointercapture fires at the document, past our listeners) — reclaim
+    // it instead of wedging every future drag.
+    if (gesture) {
+      if (gesture.captureTarget.isConnected)
+        return;
 
-  function onPress(event: PointerEvent) {
+      gesture = null;
+      isAllowedToDrag.value = false;
+      isDragging.value = false;
+      drawerRef.value?.classList.remove(DRAG_CLASS);
+    }
     if (!dismissible.value && !snapPoints.value)
       return;
-    if (drawerRef.value && !drawerRef.value.contains(event.target as Node))
+    if (event.button > 0)
       return;
-    isDragging.value = true;
-    dragStartTime.value = new Date();
-    dragStartHeight = drawerRef.value?.getBoundingClientRect().height || 0;
-    dragWrapper = getDrawerWrapper();
 
-    (event.target as HTMLElement).setPointerCapture(event.pointerId);
-    pointerStart.value = isVertical(direction.value) ? event.clientY : event.clientX;
+    const el = drawerRef.value;
+
+    if (!el || !el.contains(event.target as Node))
+      return;
+
+    const vertical = isVertical(direction.value);
+    const axis: GestureAxis = vertical ? 'y' : 'x';
+    const rect = el.getBoundingClientRect();
+    // Capture on the pressed element, never the drawer: while a capture is
+    // active the compat mouse events retarget to the capturing element, so
+    // capturing on the drawer would swallow `click` for every control inside it.
+    const capture = captureTarget ?? (event.target as Element);
+
+    // Synthetic pointers (tests) and already-released pointers have no active
+    // pointer id to capture — the drag still works, only retargeting is lost.
+    try {
+      capture.setPointerCapture(event.pointerId);
+    }
+    catch {
+      // No active pointer to capture — the drag still works, only retargeting is lost.
+    }
+
+    isDragging.value = true;
+    dragStartTime.value = event.timeStamp;
+    pointerStart.value = vertical ? event.clientY : event.clientX;
+
+    gesture = {
+      pointerId: event.pointerId,
+      captureTarget: capture,
+      vertical,
+      multiplier: direction.value === 'bottom' || direction.value === 'right' ? 1 : -1,
+      startX: event.clientX,
+      startY: event.clientY,
+      size: (vertical ? rect.height : rect.width) || 0,
+      windowSize: vertical ? windowHeight.value : windowWidth.value,
+      scale: getScaleFactor(windowWidth.value),
+      // The one intentional computed-style read of the gesture: catches the
+      // drawer mid-animation so the drag continues from the on-screen position.
+      translate: getTranslate(el, axis) ?? 0,
+      wrapper: getDrawerWrapper(),
+      scroller: findScrollableAncestor(event.target as Element, el, axis),
+      axisLocked: false,
+      blocked: false,
+      velocity: createVelocityTracker(),
+      reverse: createReverseCancelTracker(),
+      lastOverlayOpacity: '',
+      lastWrapperProgress: -1,
+    };
   }
 
   function onDrag(event: PointerEvent) {
-    if (!drawerRef.value)
+    const g = gesture;
+
+    if (!g || event.pointerId !== g.pointerId || !isDragging.value || g.blocked || !drawerRef.value)
       return;
 
-    if (isDragging.value) {
-      const directionMultiplier = direction.value === 'bottom' || direction.value === 'right' ? 1 : -1;
-      const draggedDistance
-        = (pointerStart.value - (isVertical(direction.value) ? event.clientY : event.clientX)) * directionMultiplier;
-      const isDraggingInDirection = draggedDistance > 0;
+    const dx = event.clientX - g.startX;
+    const dy = event.clientY - g.startY;
 
-      // Don't allow dragging toward close past the first snap point when not dismissible.
-      const noCloseSnapPointsPreCondition = snapPoints.value && !dismissible.value && !isDraggingInDirection;
+    // Lock onto an axis on the first significant movement. A gesture that
+    // locks onto the cross axis is a scroll/pan — never a drawer drag.
+    if (!g.axisLocked) {
+      const absX = Math.abs(dx);
+      const absY = Math.abs(dy);
 
-      if (noCloseSnapPointsPreCondition && activeSnapPointIndex.value === 0)
+      if (absX < AXIS_LOCK_DISTANCE && absY < AXIS_LOCK_DISTANCE)
         return;
 
-      const absDraggedDistance = Math.abs(draggedDistance);
-      const wrapper = dragWrapper;
+      g.axisLocked = true;
 
-      // 1 means the closed position. Height cached at drag start (no reflow).
-      let percentageDragged = absDraggedDistance / (dragStartHeight || 1);
-      const snapPointPercentageDragged = getSnapPointsPercentageDragged(absDraggedDistance, isDraggingInDirection);
-
-      if (snapPointPercentageDragged !== null)
-        percentageDragged = snapPointPercentageDragged;
-
-      if (noCloseSnapPointsPreCondition && percentageDragged >= 1)
-        return;
-
-      // Decide-to-drag gate + one-time gesture setup. Once allowed, stay allowed
-      // for the whole gesture, so the class add + transition writes fire ONCE,
-      // not on every move.
-      if (!isAllowedToDrag.value) {
-        if (!shouldDrag(event.target, isDraggingInDirection))
-          return;
-        isAllowedToDrag.value = true;
-        drawerRef.value.classList.add(DRAG_CLASS);
-        setStyle(drawerRef.value, STYLE_NO_TRANSITION);
-        setStyle(overlayRef.value, STYLE_NO_TRANSITION);
-      }
-
-      if (snapPoints.value)
-        onDragSnapPoints({ draggedDistance });
-
-      // Rubber-band past the open position when there are no snap points.
-      if (isDraggingInDirection && !snapPoints.value) {
-        const dampenedDraggedDistance = dampenValue(draggedDistance);
-
-        const translateValue = Math.min(dampenedDraggedDistance * -1, 0) * directionMultiplier;
-        setStyle(drawerRef.value, {
-          transform: isVertical(direction.value)
-            ? `translate3d(0, ${translateValue}px, 0)`
-            : `translate3d(${translateValue}px, 0, 0)`,
-        });
+      if ((absX > absY) === g.vertical) {
+        g.blocked = true;
         return;
       }
+    }
 
-      const opacityValue = 1 - percentageDragged;
+    g.velocity.add(g.vertical ? event.clientY : event.clientX, event.timeStamp);
 
-      if (shouldFade.value || (fadeFromIndex.value && activeSnapPointIndex.value === fadeFromIndex.value - 1)) {
-        emitDrag(percentageDragged);
+    const draggedDistance = (g.vertical ? g.startY - event.clientY : g.startX - event.clientX) * g.multiplier;
+    const isDraggingInDirection = draggedDistance > 0;
 
-        setStyle(overlayRef.value, { opacity: `${opacityValue}`, transition: 'none' }, true);
+    // Dismiss-positive displacement feeds the "changed my mind" detector.
+    g.reverse.update(-draggedDistance);
+
+    // Don't allow dragging toward close past the first snap point when not dismissible.
+    const noCloseSnapPointsPreCondition = snapPoints.value && !dismissible.value && !isDraggingInDirection;
+
+    if (noCloseSnapPointsPreCondition && activeSnapPointIndex.value === 0)
+      return;
+
+    const absDraggedDistance = Math.abs(draggedDistance);
+
+    // 1 means the closed position. Size cached at drag start (no reflow).
+    let percentageDragged = absDraggedDistance / (g.size || 1);
+    const snapPointPercentageDragged = getSnapPointsPercentageDragged(absDraggedDistance, isDraggingInDirection);
+
+    if (snapPointPercentageDragged !== null)
+      percentageDragged = snapPointPercentageDragged;
+
+    if (noCloseSnapPointsPreCondition && percentageDragged >= 1)
+      return;
+
+    // Decide-to-drag gate + one-time gesture setup. Once allowed, stay allowed
+    // for the whole gesture, so the class add + transition writes fire ONCE,
+    // not on every move.
+    if (!isAllowedToDrag.value) {
+      if (!shouldDrag(event.target, isDraggingInDirection, event.timeStamp))
+        return;
+      isAllowedToDrag.value = true;
+      drawerRef.value.classList.add(DRAG_CLASS);
+      setStyle(drawerRef.value, STYLE_NO_TRANSITION);
+      setStyle(overlayRef.value, STYLE_NO_TRANSITION);
+    }
+
+    if (snapPoints.value) {
+      const applied = onDragSnapPoints({ draggedDistance });
+
+      if (applied !== null)
+        g.translate = applied;
+    }
+
+    // Rubber-band past the open position when there are no snap points.
+    if (isDraggingInDirection && !snapPoints.value) {
+      const dampenedDraggedDistance = dampenValue(draggedDistance);
+      const translateValue = Math.min(dampenedDraggedDistance * -1, 0) * g.multiplier;
+
+      writeTransform(drawerRef.value, translateAxis(g.vertical, translateValue));
+      g.translate = translateValue;
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (shouldFade.value || (fadeFromIndex.value && activeSnapPointIndex.value === fadeFromIndex.value - 1)) {
+      emitDrag(percentageDragged);
+
+      const overlay = overlayRef.value;
+      const opacity = `${1 - percentageDragged}`;
+
+      if (overlay && opacity !== g.lastOverlayOpacity) {
+        g.lastOverlayOpacity = opacity;
+        overlay.style.opacity = opacity;
+        overlay.style.transition = 'none';
       }
+    }
 
-      if (wrapper && overlayRef.value && shouldScaleBackground.value) {
-        const scaleValue = Math.min(getScale() + percentageDragged * (1 - getScale()), 1);
-        const borderRadiusValue = 8 - percentageDragged * 8;
-        const translateValue = Math.max(0, 14 - percentageDragged * 14);
+    if (g.wrapper && overlayRef.value && shouldScaleBackground.value && percentageDragged !== g.lastWrapperProgress) {
+      g.lastWrapperProgress = percentageDragged;
 
-        setStyle(
-          wrapper,
-          {
-            borderRadius: `${borderRadiusValue}px`,
-            transform: isVertical(direction.value)
-              ? `scale(${scaleValue}) translate3d(0, ${translateValue}px, 0)`
-              : `scale(${scaleValue}) translate3d(${translateValue}px, 0, 0)`,
-            transition: 'none',
-          },
-          true,
-        );
-      }
+      const scaleValue = Math.min(g.scale + percentageDragged * (1 - g.scale), 1);
+      const borderRadiusValue = 8 - percentageDragged * 8;
+      const translateValue = Math.max(0, 14 - percentageDragged * 14);
+      const style = g.wrapper.style;
 
-      if (!snapPoints.value) {
-        const translateValue = absDraggedDistance * directionMultiplier;
+      style.borderRadius = `${borderRadiusValue}px`;
+      style.transform = g.vertical
+        ? `scale(${scaleValue}) translate3d(0, ${translateValue}px, 0)`
+        : `scale(${scaleValue}) translate3d(${translateValue}px, 0, 0)`;
+      style.transition = 'none';
+    }
 
-        setStyle(drawerRef.value, {
-          transform: isVertical(direction.value)
-            ? `translate3d(0, ${translateValue}px, 0)`
-            : `translate3d(${translateValue}px, 0, 0)`,
-        });
-      }
+    if (!snapPoints.value) {
+      const translateValue = absDraggedDistance * g.multiplier;
+
+      writeTransform(drawerRef.value, translateAxis(g.vertical, translateValue));
+      g.translate = translateValue;
     }
   }
 
-  function resetDrawer() {
+  function resetDrawer(duration: number = TRANSITIONS.DURATION, currentSwipeAmount?: number | null) {
     if (!drawerRef.value)
       return;
     const wrapper = getDrawerWrapper();
-    const currentSwipeAmount = getTranslate(drawerRef.value, isVertical(direction.value) ? 'y' : 'x');
+    const swipeAmount = currentSwipeAmount
+      ?? getTranslate(drawerRef.value, isVertical(direction.value) ? 'y' : 'x');
+    const ease = `cubic-bezier(${TRANSITIONS.EASE.join(',')})`;
 
     setStyle(drawerRef.value, {
       transform: 'translate3d(0, 0, 0)',
-      transition: `transform ${TRANSITIONS.DURATION}s cubic-bezier(${TRANSITIONS.EASE.join(',')})`,
+      transition: `transform ${duration}s ${ease}`,
     });
 
     setStyle(overlayRef.value, {
-      transition: `opacity ${TRANSITIONS.DURATION}s cubic-bezier(${TRANSITIONS.EASE.join(',')})`,
+      transition: `opacity ${duration}s ${ease}`,
       opacity: '1',
     });
 
     // Keep the background scaled if we didn't swipe back down.
-    if (shouldScaleBackground.value && currentSwipeAmount && currentSwipeAmount > 0 && open.value) {
+    if (shouldScaleBackground.value && swipeAmount && swipeAmount > 0 && open.value) {
       setStyle(
         wrapper,
         {
@@ -422,11 +600,11 @@ export function useDrawer(props: UseDrawerProps & DialogEmitHandlers): DrawerRoo
           overflow: 'hidden',
           ...(isVertical(direction.value)
             ? {
-                transform: `scale(${getScale()}) translate3d(0, calc(env(safe-area-inset-top) + 14px), 0)`,
+                transform: `scale(${getScaleFactor(windowWidth.value)}) translate3d(0, calc(env(safe-area-inset-top) + 14px), 0)`,
                 transformOrigin: 'top',
               }
             : {
-                transform: `scale(${getScale()}) translate3d(calc(env(safe-area-inset-top) + 14px), 0, 0)`,
+                transform: `scale(${getScaleFactor(windowWidth.value)}) translate3d(calc(env(safe-area-inset-top) + 14px), 0, 0)`,
                 transformOrigin: 'left',
               }),
           transitionProperty: 'transform, border-radius',
@@ -442,13 +620,136 @@ export function useDrawer(props: UseDrawerProps & DialogEmitHandlers): DrawerRoo
   // snap-point reset, update:open) is driven off the `open` transition below, so
   // this stays the single place that closes — whatever the trigger (drag, handle,
   // dialog dismissal, or a controlled `v-model:open` flip).
-  function closeDrawer() {
+  function closeDrawer(reason?: DrawerOpenChangeReason) {
     if (!drawerRef.value)
       return;
 
+    if (reason)
+      armReason(reason);
+
     open.value = false;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Close via the exit keyframes, scaled to the fling: the inline
+   * `animation-duration` overrides the stylesheet's 0.5s so a hard flick
+   * finishes in as little as 80ms. A reopen before the exit settles reuses the
+   * same element (Presence holds it), so the `opening` entry hook clears the
+   * override before the enter plays.
+   */
+  function closeWithSettle(remainingDistance: number, velocity: number) {
+    const duration = computeSettleDuration(remainingDistance, velocity);
+
+    if (duration !== TRANSITIONS.DURATION) {
+      const durationValue = `${duration}s`;
+
+      if (drawerRef.value)
+        drawerRef.value.style.animationDuration = durationValue;
+      if (overlayRef.value)
+        overlayRef.value.style.animationDuration = durationValue;
+    }
+
+    closeDrawer('swipe');
+  }
+
+  function endGesture(event: PointerEvent): GestureState | null {
+    const g = gesture;
+
+    if (!g || event.pointerId !== g.pointerId)
+      return null;
+
+    gesture = null;
+    drawerRef.value?.classList.remove(DRAG_CLASS);
+
+    try {
+      g.captureTarget.releasePointerCapture(event.pointerId);
+    }
+    catch {
+      // Capture was never acquired (synthetic pointer) or already released.
+    }
+
+    const wasAllowed = isAllowedToDrag.value;
+
+    isAllowedToDrag.value = false;
+    isDragging.value = false;
+
+    return wasAllowed ? g : null;
+  }
+
+  function onRelease(event: PointerEvent) {
+    if (!isDragging.value || !drawerRef.value) {
+      endGesture(event);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const g = endGesture(event);
+
+    if (!g)
+      return;
+
+    const swipeAmount = g.translate;
+    const cancelled = g.reverse.cancelled;
+    const rawVelocity = g.velocity.read(event.timeStamp);
+    const velocityToDismiss = cancelled ? 0 : rawVelocity * g.multiplier;
+    const distMoved = g.vertical ? g.startY - event.clientY : g.startX - event.clientX;
+    const draggedDistance = distMoved * g.multiplier;
+
+    if (snapPoints.value) {
+      onReleaseSnapPoints({
+        draggedDistance,
+        closeDrawer: () => closeDrawer('swipe'),
+        velocity: velocityToDismiss,
+        dismissible: dismissible.value,
+        drawerSize: g.size,
+      });
+      emitRelease(true);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Moved toward open, or pulled back to cancel → settle into place.
+    if (draggedDistance > 0 || cancelled) {
+      resetDrawer(computeSettleDuration(Math.abs(swipeAmount), rawVelocity), swipeAmount);
+      emitRelease(true);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const dismissTravel = swipeAmount * g.multiplier;
+    const remaining = Math.max(g.size - dismissTravel, 0);
+
+    if (velocityToDismiss > VELOCITY_THRESHOLD) {
+      closeWithSettle(remaining, velocityToDismiss);
+      emitRelease(false);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const visibleSize = Math.min(g.size || 0, g.windowSize);
+
+    if (dismissTravel >= visibleSize * closeThreshold.value) {
+      closeWithSettle(remaining, velocityToDismiss);
+      emitRelease(false);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    emitRelease(true);
+    resetDrawer(computeSettleDuration(dismissTravel, rawVelocity), swipeAmount);
+  }
+
+  function onCancel(event: PointerEvent) {
+    const g = endGesture(event);
+
+    if (!g)
+      return;
+
+    // A cancelled pointer is not a user decision — settle back where the
+    // drawer was, never close.
+    if (snapPoints.value)
+      restoreActiveSnapPoint();
+    else
+      resetDrawer(TRANSITIONS.DURATION, g.translate);
+
+    emitRelease(true);
+  }
+
   watchEffect(() => {
     if (!open.value && shouldScaleBackground.value && isClient) {
       // The component is invisible by the time onAnimationEnd would fire, so use a timeout.
@@ -462,99 +763,28 @@ export function useDrawer(props: UseDrawerProps & DialogEmitHandlers): DrawerRoo
     return undefined;
   });
 
-  function onRelease(event: PointerEvent) {
-    if (!isDragging.value || !drawerRef.value)
-      return;
-
-    drawerRef.value.classList.remove(DRAG_CLASS);
-    isAllowedToDrag.value = false;
-    isDragging.value = false;
-    dragWrapper = null;
-    dragEndTime.value = new Date();
-    const swipeAmount = getTranslate(drawerRef.value, isVertical(direction.value) ? 'y' : 'x');
-
-    if (!shouldDrag(event.target, false) || !swipeAmount || Number.isNaN(swipeAmount))
-      return;
-
-    if (dragStartTime.value === null)
-      return;
-
-    const timeTaken = dragEndTime.value.getTime() - dragStartTime.value.getTime();
-    const distMoved = pointerStart.value - (isVertical(direction.value) ? event.clientY : event.clientX);
-    const velocity = Math.abs(distMoved) / timeTaken;
-
-    if (velocity > 0.05) {
-      // Prevents the drawer from focusing an input as the drag ends.
-      justReleased.value = true;
-
-      globalThis.setTimeout(() => {
-        justReleased.value = false;
-      }, 200);
-    }
-
-    if (snapPoints.value) {
-      const directionMultiplier = direction.value === 'bottom' || direction.value === 'right' ? 1 : -1;
-
-      onReleaseSnapPoints({
-        draggedDistance: distMoved * directionMultiplier,
-        closeDrawer,
-        velocity,
-        dismissible: dismissible.value,
-      });
-      emitRelease(true);
-      return;
-    }
-
-    // Moved in the open direction → settle back.
-    if (direction.value === 'bottom' || direction.value === 'right' ? distMoved > 0 : distMoved < 0) {
-      resetDrawer();
-      emitRelease(true);
-      return;
-    }
-
-    if (velocity > VELOCITY_THRESHOLD) {
-      closeDrawer();
-      emitRelease(false);
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const visibleDrawerHeight = Math.min(drawerRef.value.getBoundingClientRect().height ?? 0, window.innerHeight);
-
-    if (swipeAmount >= visibleDrawerHeight * closeThreshold.value) {
-      closeDrawer();
-      emitRelease(false);
-      return;
-    }
-
-    emitRelease(true);
-    resetDrawer();
-  }
-
   // Single owner of open/close side effects. Reacts to every source that writes
   // the shared `open` ref: the drag/handle paths (closeDrawer), the dialog's
   // dismissals (DrawerRoot.handleOpenChange), and a controlled `v-model:open`
   // flip (DrawerRoot's prop watch). `update:open`/`animationEnd` are emitted by
-  // DrawerRoot's own watch on the same ref.
+  // DrawerRoot's own watch on the same ref; everything else rides the lifecycle
+  // machine's entry hooks.
   watch(open, (o) => {
     if (o) {
-      openTime.value = new Date();
-      hasBeenOpened.value = true;
+      lifecycle.send('OPEN');
     }
     else {
       emitClose();
-      globalThis.setTimeout(() => {
-        if (snapPoints.value)
-          activeSnapPoint.value = snapPoints.value[0];
-      }, TRANSITIONS.DURATION * 1000);
+      lifecycle.send('CLOSE');
     }
   });
 
   function onNestedOpenChange(o: boolean) {
-    const scale = o ? (window.innerWidth - NESTED_DISPLACEMENT) / window.innerWidth : 1;
+    const scale = o ? (windowWidth.value - NESTED_DISPLACEMENT) / windowWidth.value : 1;
     const y = o ? -NESTED_DISPLACEMENT : 0;
 
     if (nestedOpenChangeTimer.value)
-      globalThis.clearTimeout(nestedOpenChangeTimer.value);
+      clearTimeout(nestedOpenChangeTimer.value);
 
     setStyle(drawerRef.value, {
       transition: `transform ${TRANSITIONS.DURATION}s cubic-bezier(${TRANSITIONS.EASE.join(',')})`,
@@ -562,13 +792,11 @@ export function useDrawer(props: UseDrawerProps & DialogEmitHandlers): DrawerRoo
     });
 
     if (!o && drawerRef.value) {
-      nestedOpenChangeTimer.value = globalThis.setTimeout(() => {
+      nestedOpenChangeTimer.value = setTimeout(() => {
         const translateValue = getTranslate(drawerRef.value!, isVertical(direction.value) ? 'y' : 'x');
         setStyle(drawerRef.value, {
           transition: 'none',
-          transform: isVertical(direction.value)
-            ? `translate3d(0, ${translateValue}px, 0)`
-            : `translate3d(${translateValue}px, 0, 0)`,
+          transform: translate3d(direction.value, translateValue ?? 0),
         });
       }, 500);
     }
@@ -578,21 +806,25 @@ export function useDrawer(props: UseDrawerProps & DialogEmitHandlers): DrawerRoo
     if (percentageDragged < 0)
       return;
 
-    const initialDim = isVertical(direction.value) ? window.innerHeight : window.innerWidth;
+    const el = drawerRef.value;
+
+    if (!el)
+      return;
+
+    const initialDim = isVertical(direction.value) ? windowHeight.value : windowWidth.value;
     const initialScale = (initialDim - NESTED_DISPLACEMENT) / initialDim;
     const newScale = initialScale + percentageDragged * (1 - initialScale);
     const newTranslate = -NESTED_DISPLACEMENT + percentageDragged * NESTED_DISPLACEMENT;
 
-    setStyle(drawerRef.value, {
-      transform: isVertical(direction.value)
-        ? `scale(${newScale}) translate3d(0, ${newTranslate}px, 0)`
-        : `scale(${newScale}) translate3d(${newTranslate}px, 0, 0)`,
-      transition: 'none',
-    });
+    // Per-frame path (driven by the child's drag) — direct writes, no setStyle.
+    el.style.transform = isVertical(direction.value)
+      ? `scale(${newScale}) translate3d(0, ${newTranslate}px, 0)`
+      : `scale(${newScale}) translate3d(${newTranslate}px, 0, 0)`;
+    el.style.transition = 'none';
   }
 
   function onNestedRelease(o: boolean) {
-    const dim = isVertical(direction.value) ? window.innerHeight : window.innerWidth;
+    const dim = isVertical(direction.value) ? windowHeight.value : windowWidth.value;
     const scale = o ? (dim - NESTED_DISPLACEMENT) / dim : 1;
     const translate = o ? -NESTED_DISPLACEMENT : 0;
 
@@ -609,6 +841,10 @@ export function useDrawer(props: UseDrawerProps & DialogEmitHandlers): DrawerRoo
   return {
     open,
     isOpen: open,
+    phase: lifecycle.state,
+    notifySettled: () => {
+      lifecycle.send('SETTLE');
+    },
     modal,
     keyboardIsOpen,
     hasBeenOpened,
@@ -633,7 +869,10 @@ export function useDrawer(props: UseDrawerProps & DialogEmitHandlers): DrawerRoo
     onPress,
     onDrag,
     onRelease,
+    onCancel,
     closeDrawer,
+    armReason,
+    pendingReason,
     onNestedDrag,
     onNestedRelease,
     onNestedOpenChange,
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/gesture.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/gesture.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..76c9297
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/gesture.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+import { clamp } from '@robonen/stdlib';
+import type { DrawerDirection } from './types';
+import {
+  MAX_VELOCITY_AGE,
+  MIN_SETTLE_DURATION,
+  MIN_VELOCITY_DT,
+  REVERSE_CANCEL_ARM_DISTANCE,
+  REVERSE_CANCEL_THRESHOLD,
+  SETTLE_VELOCITY_THRESHOLD,
+  TRANSITIONS,
+} from './constants';
+
+/** The client-coordinate axis a drawer drags along. */
+export type GestureAxis = 'x' | 'y';
+
+export interface VelocityTracker {
+  /** Record a pointer sample (client coordinate along the axis + event timeStamp). */
+  add: (position: number, time: number) => void;
+  /**
+   * Instantaneous velocity (px/ms) over the two newest samples. Returns 0 when
+   * the last sample is older than {@link MAX_VELOCITY_AGE} — the pointer paused
+   * before release, so no fling momentum should apply.
+   */
+  read: (now: number) => number;
+  reset: () => void;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Instantaneous release velocity from the trailing pair of pointer samples,
+ * instead of averaging the whole gesture: "slow pull, then flick" reads as a
+ * flick, and "fast start, stop, release" reads as a stop.
+ */
+export function createVelocityTracker(): VelocityTracker {
+  let lastPosition = 0;
+  let lastTime = Number.NaN;
+  let velocity = 0;
+
+  return {
+    add(position, time) {
+      if (!Number.isNaN(lastTime) && time > lastTime) {
+        // Clamp dt so same-frame event bursts don't produce huge spikes.
+        const dt = Math.max(time - lastTime, MIN_VELOCITY_DT);
+        velocity = (position - lastPosition) / dt;
+      }
+
+      lastPosition = position;
+      lastTime = time;
+    },
+    read(now) {
+      if (Number.isNaN(lastTime) || now - lastTime > MAX_VELOCITY_AGE)
+        return 0;
+
+      return velocity;
+    },
+    reset() {
+      lastPosition = 0;
+      lastTime = Number.NaN;
+      velocity = 0;
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+export interface ReverseCancelTracker {
+  /** Feed the current dismiss-positive displacement (px). */
+  update: (displacement: number) => void;
+  /** Whether the gesture pulled back far enough to cancel the dismiss. */
+  readonly cancelled: boolean;
+  reset: () => void;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Detects the "changed my mind" gesture: once the drawer has been dragged at
+ * least {@link REVERSE_CANCEL_ARM_DISTANCE} toward dismiss, pulling back by
+ * {@link REVERSE_CANCEL_THRESHOLD} from the furthest point cancels the dismiss
+ * even if the release still sits past the close threshold. Dragging past the
+ * previous furthest point re-arms the dismiss (renewed intent).
+ */
+export function createReverseCancelTracker(): ReverseCancelTracker {
+  let max = 0;
+  let cancelled = false;
+
+  return {
+    update(displacement) {
+      if (displacement >= max) {
+        max = displacement;
+        cancelled = false;
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (max > REVERSE_CANCEL_ARM_DISTANCE && max - displacement > REVERSE_CANCEL_THRESHOLD)
+        cancelled = true;
+    },
+    get cancelled() {
+      return cancelled;
+    },
+    reset() {
+      max = 0;
+      cancelled = false;
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Settle duration (in seconds) scaled by the release velocity: a hard flick
+ * over a short remaining distance settles in as little as
+ * {@link MIN_SETTLE_DURATION}ms, while a gentle release keeps the default
+ * {@link TRANSITIONS} duration. Never returns a duration longer than the default.
+ */
+export function computeSettleDuration(remainingDistance: number, velocity: number): number {
+  const fallback = TRANSITIONS.DURATION;
+
+  if (!Number.isFinite(remainingDistance) || remainingDistance <= 0)
+    return fallback;
+
+  const speed = Math.abs(velocity);
+
+  if (!Number.isFinite(speed) || speed < SETTLE_VELOCITY_THRESHOLD)
+    return fallback;
+
+  return clamp(remainingDistance / speed, MIN_SETTLE_DURATION, fallback * 1000) / 1000;
+}
+
+/**
+ * The nearest ancestor (from `start` up to and including `boundary`) that can
+ * scroll along `axis`. The `getComputedStyle` read runs at most once per
+ * candidate and only at gesture start — never per pointer move.
+ */
+export function findScrollableAncestor(
+  start: Element | null,
+  boundary: HTMLElement,
+  axis: GestureAxis,
+): HTMLElement | null {
+  let element: Element | null = start;
+
+  while (element) {
+    if (element instanceof HTMLElement) {
+      const canScroll = axis === 'y'
+        ? element.scrollHeight > element.clientHeight
+        : element.scrollWidth > element.clientWidth;
+
+      if (canScroll) {
+        const overflow = getComputedStyle(element)[axis === 'y' ? 'overflowY' : 'overflowX'];
+
+        if (overflow === 'auto' || overflow === 'scroll')
+          return element;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (element === boundary)
+      break;
+
+    element = element.parentElement;
+  }
+
+  return null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Whether a scroll container sits at the edge the dismiss gesture pulls away
+ * from — only then may a drag that starts inside it become a drawer gesture;
+ * otherwise the user is scrolling, not dismissing:
+ * - `bottom` drawer dismisses downward → the scroller must be at its top;
+ * - `top` drawer dismisses upward → at its bottom;
+ * - `right` drawer dismisses rightward → at its left edge;
+ * - `left` drawer dismisses leftward → at its right edge.
+ */
+export function isAtScrollEdge(scroller: HTMLElement, direction: DrawerDirection): boolean {
+  switch (direction) {
+    case 'bottom':
+      return scroller.scrollTop <= 0;
+    case 'top':
+      return scroller.scrollTop >= scroller.scrollHeight - scroller.clientHeight;
+    case 'right':
+      return scroller.scrollLeft <= 0;
+    case 'left':
+      return scroller.scrollLeft >= scroller.scrollWidth - scroller.clientWidth;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/helpers.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/helpers.ts
index 24892d5..c3e3a39 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/helpers.ts
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/helpers.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import type { DrawerDirection } from './types';
+import { WINDOW_TOP_OFFSET } from './constants';
 
 /**
  * Whether a direction runs along the vertical axis (`top`/`bottom`) as opposed
@@ -25,3 +26,39 @@ export function dampenValue(v: number): number {
 export function getDrawerWrapper(): HTMLElement | null {
   return document.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-drawer-wrapper]');
 }
+
+/**
+ * The background-scale factor for a given window width (the stacked-card look
+ * leaves {@link WINDOW_TOP_OFFSET}px of the page peeking out).
+ */
+export function getScaleFactor(windowWidth: number): number {
+  return (windowWidth - WINDOW_TOP_OFFSET) / windowWidth;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A GPU-friendly translate along an axis, from a pre-resolved axis flag — the
+ * drag hot path variant: no direction-string comparisons per frame.
+ */
+export function translateAxis(vertical: boolean, value: number): string {
+  return vertical
+    ? `translate3d(0, ${value}px, 0)`
+    : `translate3d(${value}px, 0, 0)`;
+}
+
+/**
+ * {@link translateAxis} keyed by direction, for cold paths that hold the
+ * direction string rather than a gesture snapshot.
+ */
+export function translate3d(direction: DrawerDirection, value: number): string {
+  return translateAxis(isVertical(direction), value);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Per-frame single-property transform write for the drag hot path. Unlike
+ * `setStyle` this allocates nothing (no patch object, no `Object.entries`, no
+ * restore snapshot) — restoration is handled wholesale on release.
+ */
+export function writeTransform(element: HTMLElement | undefined | null, value: string): void {
+  if (element)
+    element.style.transform = value;
+}
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/index.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/index.ts
index 0038646..a7f9ae4 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/index.ts
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/index.ts
@@ -3,11 +3,15 @@ export { default as DrawerRootNested } from './DrawerRootNested.vue';
 export { default as DrawerContent } from './DrawerContent.vue';
 export { default as DrawerOverlay } from './DrawerOverlay.vue';
 export { default as DrawerHandle } from './DrawerHandle.vue';
+export { default as DrawerTrigger } from './DrawerTrigger.vue';
+export { default as DrawerClose } from './DrawerClose.vue';
 
 export type { DrawerRootEmits, DrawerRootProps, DrawerHandleProps } from './controls';
 export type { DrawerContentEmits, DrawerContentProps } from './DrawerContent.vue';
 export type { DrawerOverlayProps } from './DrawerOverlay.vue';
-export type { DrawerDirection, SnapPoint } from './types';
+export type { DrawerTriggerProps } from './DrawerTrigger.vue';
+export type { DrawerCloseProps } from './DrawerClose.vue';
+export type { DrawerDirection, DrawerOpenChangeDetails, DrawerOpenChangeReason } from './types';
 
 export { injectDrawerRootContext, provideDrawerRootContext } from './context';
 export type { DrawerRootContext } from './context';
@@ -15,17 +19,13 @@ export type { DrawerRootContext } from './context';
 // Parts with no drawer-specific behaviour reuse Dialog directly, re-exported
 // under Drawer names so consumers stay within one namespace.
 export {
-  DialogClose as DrawerClose,
   DialogDescription as DrawerDescription,
   DialogPortal as DrawerPortal,
   DialogTitle as DrawerTitle,
-  DialogTrigger as DrawerTrigger,
 } from '../dialog';
 
 export type {
-  DialogCloseProps as DrawerCloseProps,
   DialogDescriptionProps as DrawerDescriptionProps,
   DialogPortalProps as DrawerPortalProps,
   DialogTitleProps as DrawerTitleProps,
-  DialogTriggerProps as DrawerTriggerProps,
 } from '../dialog';
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/snapping.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/snapping.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5a802c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/snapping.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+import { clamp } from '@robonen/stdlib';
+import type { DrawerDirection } from './types';
+import { MAX_SNAP_VELOCITY, SNAP_VELOCITY_MULTIPLIER, SNAP_VELOCITY_THRESHOLD } from './constants';
+
+const PX_RE = /^-?(?:\d+(?:\.\d+)?|\.\d+)px$/;
+const REM_RE = /^-?(?:\d+(?:\.\d+)?|\.\d+)rem$/;
+
+/**
+ * Resolve a snap point to the visible size (px) it gives the drawer along the
+ * drag axis:
+ * - a number in (0, 1] is a fraction of the window dimension;
+ * - a number above 1 is pixels;
+ * - `'Npx'` / `'Nrem'` strings are pixels (rem scaled by the root font size).
+ *
+ * Unknown units (`'50%'`, `'10vh'`) and non-finite/non-positive results are
+ * unsupported and resolve to `null` so they never reach the geometry as `NaN`.
+ */
+export function resolveSnapPointSize(
+  point: number | string,
+  windowSize: number,
+  rootFontSize: number,
+): number | null {
+  let size: number | null = null;
+
+  if (typeof point === 'number')
+    size = point > 1 ? point : point * windowSize;
+  else if (PX_RE.test(point))
+    size = Number.parseFloat(point);
+  else if (REM_RE.test(point))
+    size = Number.parseFloat(point) * rootFontSize;
+
+  if (size === null || !Number.isFinite(size) || size <= 0)
+    return null;
+
+  return Math.round(size);
+}
+
+/**
+ * The inline translate (px, signed the way the drawer's transform is written)
+ * that shows exactly `point` worth of the drawer: positive toward the
+ * bottom/right edge, negative toward the top/left edge, clamped so a snap point
+ * larger than the window rests at fully open. Unresolvable points map to `NaN`
+ * — callers must `Number.isFinite`-guard before using an offset.
+ */
+export function resolveSnapPointOffset(
+  point: number | string,
+  direction: DrawerDirection,
+  windowSize: number,
+  rootFontSize: number,
+): number {
+  const size = resolveSnapPointSize(point, windowSize, rootFontSize);
+
+  if (size === null)
+    return Number.NaN;
+
+  const distance = Math.max(Math.round(windowSize - size), 0);
+
+  return direction === 'bottom' || direction === 'right' ? distance : -distance;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Index of the active snap point: matched by identity first, then by resolved
+ * size within a 1px tolerance, so a controlled drawer may use interchangeable
+ * representations (`0.5` vs `'360px'` on a 720px window). Returns `null` when
+ * nothing matches.
+ */
+export function findSnapPointIndex(
+  snapPoints: Array<number | string>,
+  active: number | string | null | undefined,
+  windowSize: number,
+  rootFontSize: number,
+): number | null {
+  if (active === null || active === undefined)
+    return null;
+
+  const byIdentity = snapPoints.indexOf(active);
+
+  if (byIdentity !== -1)
+    return byIdentity;
+
+  const activeSize = resolveSnapPointSize(active, windowSize, rootFontSize);
+
+  if (activeSize === null)
+    return null;
+
+  const bySize = snapPoints.findIndex((point) => {
+    const size = resolveSnapPointSize(point, windowSize, rootFontSize);
+    return size !== null && Math.abs(size - activeSize) <= 1;
+  });
+
+  return bySize === -1 ? null : bySize;
+}
+
+export interface SnapReleaseInput {
+  /**
+   * Snap offsets in dismiss-positive space: 0 is fully open, larger is more
+   * hidden. `NaN` entries (unresolvable points) are skipped.
+   */
+  offsets: number[];
+  activeIndex: number | null;
+  /** Drag distance since press, positive toward open/expand. */
+  draggedDistance: number;
+  /** Instantaneous release velocity, positive toward dismiss (px/ms). */
+  velocity: number;
+  /** Drawer size (px) along the drag axis — the fully-closed offset. */
+  drawerSize: number;
+  dismissible: boolean;
+  /** Step at most one snap point per gesture instead of jumping to the nearest. */
+  sequential: boolean;
+}
+
+export type SnapReleaseResult = { type: 'close' } | { type: 'snap'; index: number };
+
+/**
+ * Where a snap-point drawer settles on release: the drag target is projected
+ * ahead along the release velocity (a fling crosses points a slow drag would
+ * not), then the nearest snap point wins — or the drawer closes when the
+ * projection lands strictly closer to fully-closed and the drawer is
+ * dismissible. In `sequential` mode the result is clamped to the snap point
+ * adjacent to the active one.
+ */
+export function projectSnapRelease(input: SnapReleaseInput): SnapReleaseResult {
+  const { offsets, activeIndex, draggedDistance, velocity, drawerSize, dismissible, sequential } = input;
+
+  const active = activeIndex !== null && Number.isFinite(offsets[activeIndex])
+    ? offsets[activeIndex]
+    : 0;
+
+  // Where the drag alone left the drawer, clamped to its travel range.
+  const dragTarget = clamp(active - draggedDistance, 0, drawerSize);
+
+  let target = dragTarget;
+
+  if (Math.abs(velocity) >= SNAP_VELOCITY_THRESHOLD)
+    target = dragTarget + clamp(velocity, -MAX_SNAP_VELOCITY, MAX_SNAP_VELOCITY) * SNAP_VELOCITY_MULTIPLIER;
+
+  let closestIndex = -1;
+  let closestDistance = Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
+
+  for (const [index, offset] of offsets.entries()) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(offset))
+      continue;
+
+    const distance = Math.abs(target - offset);
+
+    if (distance < closestDistance) {
+      closestIndex = index;
+      closestDistance = distance;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (closestIndex === -1)
+    return { type: 'snap', index: activeIndex ?? 0 };
+
+  if (dismissible && Math.abs(target - drawerSize) < closestDistance)
+    return { type: 'close' };
+
+  if (!sequential || activeIndex === null)
+    return { type: 'snap', index: closestIndex };
+
+  // Sequential mode: rank the usable points by offset and move at most one
+  // step toward the drag; a fast fling or a physical crossing of the adjacent
+  // point advances, anything else stays.
+  const stepDirection = Math.sign(dragTarget - active);
+
+  if (stepDirection === 0)
+    return { type: 'snap', index: activeIndex };
+
+  const order = offsets
+    .map((offset, index) => ({ offset, index }))
+    .filter(entry => Number.isFinite(entry.offset))
+    .sort((a, b) => a.offset - b.offset);
+
+  const rank = order.findIndex(entry => entry.index === activeIndex);
+
+  if (rank === -1)
+    return { type: 'snap', index: closestIndex };
+
+  const adjacent = order[clamp(rank + stepDirection, 0, order.length - 1)];
+  const flungPast = Math.sign(velocity) === stepDirection && Math.abs(velocity) >= SNAP_VELOCITY_THRESHOLD;
+  const crossed = stepDirection > 0 ? target > adjacent.offset : target < adjacent.offset;
+
+  return { type: 'snap', index: flungPast || crossed ? adjacent.index : activeIndex };
+}
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/style.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/style.ts
index 45a9b80..a511cfa 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/style.ts
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/style.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,35 @@
  * The selectors here mirror the `data-drawer-*` attributes set in the component
  * templates and {@link ./controls} — keep them in sync.
  */
-export const DRAWER_STYLE_ID = 'robonen-drawer';
+export const DRAWER_STYLE_ID = 'drawer';
+
+let cssPropertiesRegistered = false;
+
+/**
+ * Registers the drawer's animated custom properties with `inherits: false`, so
+ * a per-frame write of `--snap-point-height` on the content invalidates only
+ * that element instead of cascading a var recompute over its whole subtree.
+ * `--initial-transform` is deliberately NOT registered: consumers may set it on
+ * an ancestor and rely on inheritance. No-op where the API is missing.
+ */
+export function registerDrawerCssProperties(): void {
+  if (cssPropertiesRegistered || typeof CSS === 'undefined' || !CSS.registerProperty)
+    return;
+
+  cssPropertiesRegistered = true;
+
+  try {
+    CSS.registerProperty({
+      name: '--snap-point-height',
+      syntax: '<length>',
+      inherits: false,
+      initialValue: '0px',
+    });
+  }
+  catch {
+    // Older engines without @property support simply keep var inheritance.
+  }
+}
 
 export const DRAWER_STYLES = `
 [data-drawer] {
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/types.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/types.ts
index c7b46a7..1ed4f71 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/types.ts
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/types.ts
@@ -4,10 +4,25 @@
 export type DrawerDirection = 'top' | 'bottom' | 'left' | 'right';
 
 /**
- * A resolved snap point: the original `fraction` (0–1 of the screen, or a raw
- * px value) paired with its computed pixel `height`.
+ * Lifecycle phase of the drawer. `opening`/`closing` last for the duration of
+ * the enter/exit animation; the settle signal (animation end or its fallback
+ * timeout) advances them to `open`/`closed`.
  */
-export interface SnapPoint {
-  fraction: number;
-  height: number;
+export type DrawerPhase = 'closed' | 'opening' | 'open' | 'closing';
+
+/**
+ * What flipped the drawer's open state. Absent details mean a programmatic
+ * change (a controlled `v-model:open` write).
+ */
+export type DrawerOpenChangeReason
+  = | 'swipe'
+    | 'escape-key'
+    | 'outside-press'
+    | 'trigger-press'
+    | 'close-press'
+    | 'handle-press';
+
+/** Extra context attached to `update:open`. */
+export interface DrawerOpenChangeDetails {
+  reason?: DrawerOpenChangeReason;
 }
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/usePositionFixed.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/usePositionFixed.ts
index a0eef54..8cc429e 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/usePositionFixed.ts
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/usePositionFixed.ts
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export function usePositionFixed(options: PositionFixedOptions) {
 
       Object.assign(document.body.style, previousBodyPosition);
 
-      globalThis.requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+      requestAnimationFrame(() => {
         if (preventScrollRestoration.value && activeUrl.value !== globalThis.location.href) {
           activeUrl.value = globalThis.location.href;
           return;
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/useScaleBackground.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/useScaleBackground.ts
index 95a945c..ee26b98 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/useScaleBackground.ts
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/useScaleBackground.ts
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ import { onWatcherCleanup, ref, watchEffect } from 'vue';
 import { isClient } from '@robonen/platform/multi';
 import { assignStyle } from '@robonen/platform/browsers';
 import { injectDrawerRootContext } from './context';
-import { getDrawerWrapper, isVertical } from './helpers';
-import { BORDER_RADIUS, TRANSITIONS, WINDOW_TOP_OFFSET } from './constants';
+import { getDrawerWrapper, getScaleFactor, isVertical } from './helpers';
+import { BORDER_RADIUS, TRANSITIONS } from './constants';
 
 /**
  * Scales the page background down behind the drawer (the stacked-card effect),
@@ -16,10 +16,6 @@ export function useScaleBackground() {
   const timeoutIdRef = ref<number | null>(null);
   const initialBackgroundColor = ref(typeof document !== 'undefined' ? document.body.style.backgroundColor : '');
 
-  function getScale() {
-    return (window.innerWidth - WINDOW_TOP_OFFSET) / window.innerWidth;
-  }
-
   watchEffect(() => {
     // `flush: 'pre'` watchers run during SSR; this effect touches document/window,
     // so it must stay client-only.
@@ -42,17 +38,18 @@ export function useScaleBackground() {
         transitionTimingFunction: `cubic-bezier(${TRANSITIONS.EASE.join(',')})`,
       });
 
+      const scale = getScaleFactor(window.innerWidth);
       const wrapperStylesCleanup = assignStyle(wrapper, {
         borderRadius: `${BORDER_RADIUS}px`,
         overflow: 'hidden',
         ...(isVertical(direction.value)
-          ? { transform: `scale(${getScale()}) translate3d(0, calc(env(safe-area-inset-top) + 14px), 0)` }
-          : { transform: `scale(${getScale()}) translate3d(calc(env(safe-area-inset-top) + 14px), 0, 0)` }),
+          ? { transform: `scale(${scale}) translate3d(0, calc(env(safe-area-inset-top) + 14px), 0)` }
+          : { transform: `scale(${scale}) translate3d(calc(env(safe-area-inset-top) + 14px), 0, 0)` }),
       });
 
       onWatcherCleanup(() => {
         wrapperStylesCleanup();
-        timeoutIdRef.value = globalThis.setTimeout(() => {
+        timeoutIdRef.value = setTimeout(() => {
           if (initialBackgroundColor.value)
             document.body.style.background = initialBackgroundColor.value;
           else
diff --git a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/useSnapPoints.ts b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/useSnapPoints.ts
index dc5b481..25df6f4 100644
--- a/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/useSnapPoints.ts
+++ b/vue/primitives/src/overlays/drawer/useSnapPoints.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import type { Ref } from 'vue';
-import { computed, nextTick, ref, watch } from 'vue';
+import { computed, nextTick, watch } from 'vue';
 import { setStyle } from '@robonen/platform/browsers';
-import { useEventListener } from '@robonen/vue';
-import { isVertical } from './helpers';
-import { TRANSITIONS, VELOCITY_THRESHOLD } from './constants';
+import { isVertical, translateAxis, writeTransform } from './helpers';
+import { TRANSITIONS } from './constants';
+import { computeSettleDuration } from './gesture';
+import { findSnapPointIndex, projectSnapRelease, resolveSnapPointOffset } from './snapping';
 import type { DrawerDirection } from './types';
 
 interface UseSnapPointsProps {
@@ -14,16 +15,23 @@ interface UseSnapPointsProps {
   overlayRef: Ref<HTMLElement | undefined>;
   onSnapPointChange: (activeSnapPointIndex: number, snapPointsOffset: number[]) => void;
   direction: Ref<DrawerDirection>;
+  snapToSequentialPoints: Ref<boolean>;
+  /** Shared reactive window dimensions (from the engine's `useWindowSize`). */
+  windowWidth: Ref<number>;
+  windowHeight: Ref<number>;
 }
 
-const transition = (property: 'transform' | 'opacity') =>
-  `${property} ${TRANSITIONS.DURATION}s cubic-bezier(${TRANSITIONS.EASE.join(',')})`;
+const transition = (property: 'transform' | 'opacity', duration: number = TRANSITIONS.DURATION) =>
+  `${property} ${duration}s cubic-bezier(${TRANSITIONS.EASE.join(',')})`;
+
+function readRootFontSize(): number {
+  return Number.parseFloat(getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).fontSize) || 16;
+}
 
 /**
  * Drag/release maths for drawers configured with snap points: resolves each
- * snap point to a pixel offset, animates the drawer between them, and decides
- * which point to settle on (or whether to close) based on drag distance and
- * velocity.
+ * snap point to a pixel offset, animates the drawer between them, and settles
+ * on release by projecting the drag target along the fling velocity.
  */
 export function useSnapPoints({
   activeSnapPoint,
@@ -33,26 +41,64 @@ export function useSnapPoints({
   fadeFromIndex,
   onSnapPointChange,
   direction,
+  snapToSequentialPoints,
+  windowWidth,
+  windowHeight,
 }: UseSnapPointsProps) {
-  const windowDimensions = ref(globalThis.window !== undefined
-    ? { innerWidth: window.innerWidth, innerHeight: window.innerHeight }
-    : undefined);
+  // Direction resolved once per change instead of string-comparing per move.
+  const verticalAxis = computed(() => isVertical(direction.value));
+  const dismissMultiplier = computed<1 | -1>(() =>
+    direction.value === 'bottom' || direction.value === 'right' ? 1 : -1,
+  );
 
-  function onResize() {
-    const innerWidth = window.innerWidth;
-    const innerHeight = window.innerHeight;
-    const cur = windowDimensions.value;
-    // Skip the ref write (and the snapPointsOffset recompute it would trigger)
-    // when dimensions are unchanged — some resize events report identical sizes.
-    if (!cur || cur.innerWidth !== innerWidth || cur.innerHeight !== innerHeight)
-      windowDimensions.value = { innerWidth, innerHeight };
+  function windowSizeFor(dir: DrawerDirection): number {
+    return isVertical(dir) ? windowHeight.value : windowWidth.value;
   }
 
-  // Defaults to `defaultWindow` (SSR-safe) and auto-removes on scope dispose.
-  useEventListener('resize', onResize);
+  let warnedInvalid = false;
+
+  /**
+   * Inline-translate offsets, index-aligned with `snapPoints` (identity such as
+   * `fadeFromIndex` is preserved). Unresolvable points map to `NaN` and are
+   * excluded from every settle decision.
+   */
+  const snapPointsOffset = computed<number[]>(() => {
+    const points = snapPoints.value;
+
+    if (!points)
+      return [];
+
+    const windowSize = windowSizeFor(direction.value);
+    const rootFontSize = globalThis.document !== undefined ? readRootFontSize() : 16;
+    const offsets = points.map(point => resolveSnapPointOffset(point, direction.value, windowSize, rootFontSize));
+
+    if (!warnedInvalid && offsets.some(offset => !Number.isFinite(offset))) {
+      warnedInvalid = true;
+      console.warn(
+        '[Drawer] Unsupported snap point value. Use a fraction (0-1), a px number, or a px/rem string:',
+        points.filter((_, index) => !Number.isFinite(offsets[index])),
+      );
+    }
+
+    return offsets;
+  });
+
+  const activeSnapPointIndex = computed<number | null>(() => {
+    const points = snapPoints.value;
+
+    if (!points)
+      return null;
+
+    const windowSize = windowSizeFor(direction.value);
+    const rootFontSize = globalThis.document !== undefined ? readRootFontSize() : 16;
+
+    // Identity first, then resolved-size equivalence (`0.5` vs `'360px'`) so a
+    // controlled active point in a different representation still matches.
+    return findSnapPointIndex(points, activeSnapPoint.value, windowSize, rootFontSize);
+  });
 
   const isLastSnapPoint = computed(
-    () => (snapPoints.value && activeSnapPoint.value === snapPoints.value[snapPoints.value.length - 1]) ?? null,
+    () => (snapPoints.value && activeSnapPointIndex.value === snapPoints.value.length - 1) ?? null,
   );
 
   const shouldFade = computed(
@@ -65,58 +111,25 @@ export function useSnapPoints({
       || !snapPoints.value,
   );
 
-  const activeSnapPointIndex = computed(
-    () => snapPoints.value?.indexOf(activeSnapPoint.value) ?? null,
-  );
-
-  const snapPointsOffset = computed(
-    () =>
-      snapPoints.value?.map((snapPoint) => {
-        const isPx = typeof snapPoint === 'string';
-        let snapPointAsNumber = 0;
-
-        if (isPx)
-          snapPointAsNumber = Number.parseInt(snapPoint, 10);
-
-        if (isVertical(direction.value)) {
-          const height = isPx
-            ? snapPointAsNumber
-            : windowDimensions.value
-              ? (snapPoint as number) * windowDimensions.value.innerHeight
-              : 0;
-
-          if (windowDimensions.value)
-            return direction.value === 'bottom' ? windowDimensions.value.innerHeight - height : -windowDimensions.value.innerHeight + height;
-
-          return height;
-        }
-
-        const width = isPx
-          ? snapPointAsNumber
-          : windowDimensions.value
-            ? (snapPoint as number) * windowDimensions.value.innerWidth
-            : 0;
-
-        if (windowDimensions.value)
-          return direction.value === 'right' ? windowDimensions.value.innerWidth - width : -windowDimensions.value.innerWidth + width;
-
-        return width;
-      }) ?? [],
-  );
-
   const activeSnapPointOffset = computed(() =>
     activeSnapPointIndex.value !== null ? snapPointsOffset.value?.[activeSnapPointIndex.value] : null,
   );
 
-  function snapToPoint(dimension: number) {
+  function snapToPoint(dimension: number, options?: { velocity?: number; from?: number | null }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(dimension))
+      return;
+
     const newSnapPointIndex = snapPointsOffset.value?.indexOf(dimension) ?? null;
+    const from = options?.from;
+    const remaining = typeof from === 'number' ? Math.abs(dimension - from) : Number.NaN;
+    const duration = computeSettleDuration(remaining, options?.velocity ?? 0);
 
     // Wait for the element to be mounted before transforming it.
     nextTick(() => {
       onSnapPointChange(newSnapPointIndex, snapPointsOffset.value);
       setStyle(drawerRef.value, {
-        transition: transition('transform'),
-        transform: isVertical(direction.value) ? `translate3d(0, ${dimension}px, 0)` : `translate3d(${dimension}px, 0, 0)`,
+        transition: transition('transform', duration),
+        transform: translateAxis(verticalAxis.value, dimension),
       });
     });
 
@@ -125,22 +138,30 @@ export function useSnapPoints({
       && newSnapPointIndex !== snapPointsOffset.value.length - 1
       && newSnapPointIndex !== fadeFromIndex?.value
     ) {
-      setStyle(overlayRef.value, { transition: transition('opacity'), opacity: '0' });
+      setStyle(overlayRef.value, { transition: transition('opacity', duration), opacity: '0' });
     }
     else {
-      setStyle(overlayRef.value, { transition: transition('opacity'), opacity: '1' });
+      setStyle(overlayRef.value, { transition: transition('opacity', duration), opacity: '1' });
     }
 
     activeSnapPoint.value = newSnapPointIndex !== null ? snapPoints.value?.[newSnapPointIndex] ?? null : null;
   }
 
+  /** Settle back onto the active snap point (used when a gesture is aborted). */
+  function restoreActiveSnapPoint() {
+    const offset = activeSnapPointOffset.value;
+
+    if (typeof offset === 'number' && Number.isFinite(offset))
+      snapToPoint(offset);
+  }
+
   watch(
     [activeSnapPoint, snapPointsOffset, snapPoints],
     () => {
       if (activeSnapPoint.value) {
-        const newIndex = snapPoints.value?.indexOf(activeSnapPoint.value) ?? -1;
+        const newIndex = activeSnapPointIndex.value ?? -1;
 
-        if (snapPointsOffset.value && newIndex !== -1 && typeof snapPointsOffset.value[newIndex] === 'number')
+        if (snapPointsOffset.value && newIndex !== -1 && Number.isFinite(snapPointsOffset.value[newIndex]))
           snapToPoint(snapPointsOffset.value[newIndex]);
       }
     },
@@ -152,89 +173,66 @@ export function useSnapPoints({
     closeDrawer,
     velocity,
     dismissible,
+    drawerSize,
   }: {
+    /** Drag distance since press, positive toward open/expand. */
     draggedDistance: number;
     closeDrawer: () => void;
+    /** Instantaneous release velocity, positive toward dismiss (px/ms). */
     velocity: number;
     dismissible: boolean;
+    /** Drawer size (px) along the drag axis. */
+    drawerSize: number;
   }) {
     if (fadeFromIndex.value === undefined)
       return;
 
-    const currentPosition
-      = direction.value === 'bottom' || direction.value === 'right'
-        ? (activeSnapPointOffset.value ?? 0) - draggedDistance
-        : (activeSnapPointOffset.value ?? 0) + draggedDistance;
+    const multiplier = dismissMultiplier.value;
+    const offsets = snapPointsOffset.value.map(offset => offset * multiplier);
     const isOverlaySnapPoint = activeSnapPointIndex.value === fadeFromIndex.value - 1;
-    const isFirst = activeSnapPointIndex.value === 0;
-    const hasDraggedUp = draggedDistance > 0;
 
     if (isOverlaySnapPoint)
       setStyle(overlayRef.value, { transition: transition('opacity') });
 
-    if (velocity > 2 && !hasDraggedUp) {
-      if (dismissible)
-        closeDrawer();
-      else
-        snapToPoint(snapPointsOffset.value[0]); // snap to initial point
-      return;
-    }
-
-    if (velocity > 2 && hasDraggedUp && snapPointsOffset.value && snapPoints.value) {
-      snapToPoint(snapPointsOffset.value[snapPoints.value.length - 1]);
-      return;
-    }
-
-    // Settle on the snap point closest to where the drag ended.
-    const closestSnapPoint = snapPointsOffset.value?.reduce((prev, curr) => {
-      if (typeof prev !== 'number' || typeof curr !== 'number')
-        return prev;
-
-      return Math.abs(curr - currentPosition) < Math.abs(prev - currentPosition) ? curr : prev;
+    const result = projectSnapRelease({
+      offsets,
+      activeIndex: activeSnapPointIndex.value,
+      draggedDistance,
+      velocity,
+      drawerSize,
+      dismissible,
+      sequential: snapToSequentialPoints.value,
     });
 
-    const dim = isVertical(direction.value) ? window.innerHeight : window.innerWidth;
-    if (velocity > VELOCITY_THRESHOLD && Math.abs(draggedDistance) < dim * 0.4) {
-      const dragDirection = hasDraggedUp ? 1 : -1; // 1 = up, -1 = down
-
-      // Ignore an upward flick while already on the last snap point.
-      if (dragDirection > 0 && isLastSnapPoint.value) {
-        snapToPoint(snapPointsOffset.value[(snapPoints.value?.length ?? 0) - 1]);
-        return;
-      }
-
-      if (isFirst && dragDirection < 0 && dismissible)
-        closeDrawer();
-
-      if (activeSnapPointIndex.value === null)
-        return;
-
-      snapToPoint(snapPointsOffset.value[activeSnapPointIndex.value + dragDirection]);
+    if (result.type === 'close') {
+      closeDrawer();
       return;
     }
 
-    snapToPoint(closestSnapPoint);
+    const target = snapPointsOffset.value[result.index];
+    const from = (activeSnapPointOffset.value ?? 0) - draggedDistance * multiplier;
+
+    snapToPoint(target, { velocity, from });
   }
 
-  function onDrag({ draggedDistance }: { draggedDistance: number }) {
-    if (activeSnapPointOffset.value === null)
-      return;
+  function onDrag({ draggedDistance }: { draggedDistance: number }): number | null {
+    const activeOffset = activeSnapPointOffset.value;
 
-    const newValue
-      = direction.value === 'bottom' || direction.value === 'right'
-        ? (activeSnapPointOffset.value ?? 0) - draggedDistance
-        : (activeSnapPointOffset.value ?? 0) + draggedDistance;
+    if (activeOffset === null || activeOffset === undefined || !Number.isFinite(activeOffset))
+      return null;
+
+    const positive = dismissMultiplier.value === 1;
+    const newValue = positive ? activeOffset - draggedDistance : activeOffset + draggedDistance;
+    const offsets = snapPointsOffset.value;
+    const lastOffset = offsets[offsets.length - 1];
 
     // Don't drag past the last (largest) snap point.
-    if ((direction.value === 'bottom' || direction.value === 'right') && newValue < snapPointsOffset.value[snapPointsOffset.value.length - 1])
-      return;
+    if (Number.isFinite(lastOffset) && (positive ? newValue < lastOffset : newValue > lastOffset))
+      return null;
 
-    if ((direction.value === 'top' || direction.value === 'left') && newValue > snapPointsOffset.value[snapPointsOffset.value.length - 1])
-      return;
+    writeTransform(drawerRef.value, translateAxis(verticalAxis.value, newValue));
 
-    setStyle(drawerRef.value, {
-      transform: isVertical(direction.value) ? `translate3d(0, ${newValue}px, 0)` : `translate3d(${newValue}px, 0, 0)`,
-    });
+    return newValue;
   }
 
   function getPercentageDragged(absDraggedDistance: number, isDraggingDown: boolean) {
@@ -278,6 +276,7 @@ export function useSnapPoints({
     activeSnapPointIndex,
     onRelease,
     onDrag,
+    restoreActiveSnapPoint,
     snapPointsOffset,
   };
 }
diff --git a/vue/toolkit/package.json b/vue/toolkit/package.json
index 77596a0..a8430a3 100644
--- a/vue/toolkit/package.json
+++ b/vue/toolkit/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@robonen/vue",
-  "version": "0.1.0",
+  "version": "0.2.0",
   "license": "Apache-2.0",
   "description": "Collection of powerful tools for Vue",
   "keywords": [
diff --git a/vue/toolkit/src/composables/sensors/onLongPress/index.ts b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/sensors/onLongPress/index.ts
index cd7bbce..d82b805 100644
--- a/vue/toolkit/src/composables/sensors/onLongPress/index.ts
+++ b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/sensors/onLongPress/index.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { computed } from 'vue';
 import type { MaybeComputedElementRef } from '@/composables/component/unrefElement';
 import { unrefElement } from '@/composables/component/unrefElement';
 import { useEventListener } from '@/composables/browser/useEventListener';
+import { tryOnScopeDispose } from '@/composables/lifecycle/tryOnScopeDispose';
 
 const DEFAULT_DELAY = 500;
 const DEFAULT_THRESHOLD = 10;
@@ -220,6 +221,11 @@ export function onLongPress(
     useEventListener(elementRef, ['pointerup', 'pointerleave'], onRelease, listenerOptions),
   ];
 
+  // The listeners above self-dispose with the scope, but a delay timer armed
+  // by a press that never released would outlive the component and fire the
+  // handler against a dead scope.
+  tryOnScopeDispose(clear);
+
   return (): void => {
     clear();
     cleanups.forEach(stop => stop());
diff --git a/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/activeApp/demo.vue b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/activeApp/demo.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..46a9426
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/activeApp/demo.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { createApp, inject, onUnmounted, reactive, ref } from 'vue';
+import type { InjectionKey } from 'vue';
+import { runWithApp } from './index';
+
+interface Settings {
+  volume: number;
+}
+
+const SettingsKey: InjectionKey<Settings> = Symbol('DemoSettings');
+
+// Imagine this is your main.ts: the app provides DI values and is registered
+// once with `app.use(activeAppPlugin)`. The demo keeps a standalone app and
+// passes it explicitly so it does not touch the docs application.
+const app = createApp({ render: () => null });
+const settings = reactive<Settings>({ volume: 50 });
+app.provide(SettingsKey, settings);
+
+onUnmounted(() => app.unmount());
+
+// A plain module-level function — no setup, no injection context. With
+// `runWithApp` it can still resolve `inject()` against the app.
+function readVolumeFromOutside() {
+  return runWithApp(() => inject(SettingsKey)!.volume, app);
+}
+
+const snapshot = ref<number>();
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <div class="demo-stack max-w-sm">
+    <div class="demo-card p-4 flex flex-col gap-3">
+      <span class="demo-label">App-provided state</span>
+
+      <label class="flex items-center gap-3 text-sm text-fg">
+        <span class="text-xs text-fg-muted w-14">Volume</span>
+        <input
+          v-model.number="settings.volume"
+          type="range"
+          min="0"
+          max="100"
+          class="flex-1 accent-accent cursor-pointer"
+        >
+        <span class="font-mono text-xs tabular-nums text-fg-muted w-8 text-right">{{ settings.volume }}</span>
+      </label>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="demo-card p-4 flex flex-col gap-3">
+      <span class="demo-label">Plain function, outside any component</span>
+
+      <button
+        type="button"
+        class="inline-flex items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg border border-transparent bg-accent px-3 py-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-accent-fg transition hover:bg-accent-hover active:scale-[0.98] cursor-pointer"
+        @click="snapshot = readVolumeFromOutside()"
+      >
+        runWithApp(() =&gt; inject(SettingsKey))
+      </button>
+
+      <p class="font-mono text-xs tabular-nums text-fg-muted">
+        {{ snapshot === undefined ? 'not read yet' : `injected volume: ${snapshot}` }}
+      </p>
+    </div>
+
+    <p class="text-xs text-fg-subtle">
+      The function reading the value has no injection context of its own —
+      <span class="font-mono text-fg-muted">runWithApp</span> wraps it in
+      <span class="font-mono text-fg-muted">app.runWithContext</span> so
+      <span class="font-mono text-fg-muted">inject()</span> resolves app-level provides.
+    </p>
+  </div>
+</template>
diff --git a/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/activeApp/index.test.ts b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/activeApp/index.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..788ccbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/activeApp/index.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+import { createApp, defineComponent, h, inject, provide } from 'vue';
+import type { App, InjectionKey } from 'vue';
+import { activeAppPlugin, getActiveApp, injectWithApp, runWithApp, setActiveApp } from '.';
+import { VueToolsError } from '@/utils';
+
+const key: InjectionKey<string> = Symbol('TestKey');
+
+function makeApp(setup?: () => void) {
+  return createApp(defineComponent({
+    setup() {
+      setup?.();
+      return () => h('div');
+    },
+  }));
+}
+
+function mountApp(app: App) {
+  app.mount(document.createElement('div'));
+  return app;
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  setActiveApp(undefined);
+});
+
+describe(setActiveApp, () => {
+  it('registers the app and returns it for chaining', () => {
+    const app = makeApp();
+
+    expect(getActiveApp()).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(setActiveApp(app)).toBe(app);
+    expect(getActiveApp()).toBe(app);
+  });
+
+  it('clears the registration with undefined', () => {
+    setActiveApp(makeApp());
+    setActiveApp(undefined);
+
+    expect(getActiveApp()).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+});
+
+describe(getActiveApp, () => {
+  it('prefers the current instance app over the registered one', () => {
+    const other = makeApp();
+    setActiveApp(other);
+
+    let captured: App | undefined;
+    const app = mountApp(makeApp(() => {
+      captured = getActiveApp();
+    }));
+
+    expect(captured).toBe(app);
+    expect(captured).not.toBe(other);
+
+    app.unmount();
+  });
+});
+
+describe(runWithApp, () => {
+  it('resolves app-level provides through the active app', () => {
+    const app = makeApp();
+    app.provide(key, 'from app');
+    setActiveApp(app);
+
+    expect(runWithApp(() => inject(key))).toBe('from app');
+  });
+
+  it('uses an explicitly passed app over the active one', () => {
+    const active = makeApp();
+    active.provide(key, 'active');
+    setActiveApp(active);
+
+    const explicit = makeApp();
+    explicit.provide(key, 'explicit');
+
+    expect(runWithApp(() => inject(key), explicit)).toBe('explicit');
+  });
+
+  it('returns the function result', () => {
+    setActiveApp(makeApp());
+
+    expect(runWithApp(() => 42)).toBe(42);
+  });
+
+  it('throws when no app is available', () => {
+    expect(() => runWithApp(() => inject(key))).toThrow(VueToolsError);
+  });
+});
+
+describe(injectWithApp, () => {
+  it('resolves app-level provides outside of setup', () => {
+    const app = makeApp();
+    app.provide(key, 'from app');
+    setActiveApp(app);
+
+    expect(injectWithApp(key)).toBe('from app');
+  });
+
+  it('behaves like inject inside setup, component provides win', () => {
+    const app = makeApp();
+    app.provide(key, 'app level');
+    setActiveApp(app);
+
+    let fromParent: string | undefined;
+    const Child = defineComponent({
+      setup() {
+        fromParent = injectWithApp(key);
+        return () => h('div');
+      },
+    });
+
+    const host = createApp(defineComponent({
+      setup() {
+        provide(key, 'component level');
+        return () => h(Child);
+      },
+    }));
+    host.provide(key, 'host app level');
+    mountApp(host);
+
+    expect(fromParent).toBe('component level');
+
+    host.unmount();
+  });
+
+  it('falls back to the default value when the key is not provided', () => {
+    setActiveApp(makeApp());
+
+    expect(injectWithApp(key, 'fallback')).toBe('fallback');
+    expect(injectWithApp(key, () => 'factory', true)).toBe('factory');
+  });
+
+  it('returns the default value when no app is available at all', () => {
+    expect(injectWithApp(key, 'fallback')).toBe('fallback');
+    expect(injectWithApp(key, () => 'factory', true)).toBe('factory');
+  });
+
+  it('does not call a function default unless treated as factory', () => {
+    const fn = vi.fn(() => 'value');
+    const injected = injectWithApp<() => string>(Symbol('FnKey'), fn);
+
+    expect(injected).toBe(fn);
+    expect(fn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('throws when there is no context, no app and no default', () => {
+    expect(() => injectWithApp(key)).toThrow(VueToolsError);
+  });
+});
+
+describe(activeAppPlugin, () => {
+  it('registers the app on install', () => {
+    const app = makeApp().use(activeAppPlugin);
+
+    expect(getActiveApp()).toBe(app);
+  });
+
+  it('clears the registration when the app unmounts', () => {
+    const app = mountApp(makeApp().use(activeAppPlugin));
+
+    app.unmount();
+
+    expect(getActiveApp()).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it('keeps the registration when a stale app unmounts', () => {
+    const first = mountApp(makeApp().use(activeAppPlugin));
+    const second = makeApp().use(activeAppPlugin);
+
+    first.unmount();
+
+    expect(getActiveApp()).toBe(second);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/activeApp/index.ts b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/activeApp/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3d8565
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/activeApp/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+import { getCurrentInstance, hasInjectionContext, inject } from 'vue';
+import type { App, InjectionKey, Plugin } from 'vue';
+import { VueToolsError } from '@/utils';
+
+type InjectDefaults<Value> = [defaultValue?: Value | (() => Value), treatDefaultAsFactory?: boolean];
+
+let activeApp: App | undefined;
+
+/**
+ * @name setActiveApp
+ * @category State
+ * @description Registers the Vue app instance used by `getActiveApp`, `runWithApp` and `injectWithApp`
+ * outside of component context. Pass `undefined` to clear the registration.
+ *
+ * The registration is module-global (one slot per JS realm). On the client this is exactly
+ * what you want; on the server create one app per request and prefer passing the app
+ * explicitly to `runWithApp` instead of relying on the global slot, otherwise concurrent
+ * requests may observe each other's app.
+ *
+ * @param {App | undefined} app The app to register, or `undefined` to clear
+ * @returns {App | undefined} The same app, for chaining
+ *
+ * @example
+ * // main.ts
+ * const app = createApp(App);
+ * setActiveApp(app);
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ */
+export function setActiveApp(app: App | undefined) {
+  activeApp = app;
+  return app;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @name getActiveApp
+ * @category State
+ * @description Returns the closest Vue app instance: the current component's app when called
+ * during setup (or anywhere `getCurrentInstance` works), otherwise the app registered via
+ * `setActiveApp` / `activeAppPlugin`.
+ *
+ * @returns {App | undefined} The resolved app, or `undefined` when none is available
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const app = getActiveApp();
+ * app?.config.globalProperties;
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ */
+export function getActiveApp(): App | undefined {
+  return getCurrentInstance()?.appContext.app ?? activeApp;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @name runWithApp
+ * @category State
+ * @description Runs a function inside `app.runWithContext`, so `inject` (and everything built
+ * on it) resolves app-level provides even outside of component setup — in router guards,
+ * store actions, event handlers or timers.
+ *
+ * The app defaults to `getActiveApp()`; pass one explicitly to target a specific app
+ * (recommended for SSR, where apps are created per request).
+ *
+ * @param {Function} fn The function to run with the app as injection context
+ * @param {App} [app] The app to use instead of the active one
+ * @returns The return value of `fn`
+ * @throws {VueToolsError} when no app is registered and none is passed
+ *
+ * @example
+ * router.beforeEach(() => {
+ *   const auth = runWithApp(() => inject(AuthKey));
+ * });
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ */
+export function runWithApp<Result>(fn: () => Result, app: App | undefined = getActiveApp()): Result {
+  if (!app)
+    throw new VueToolsError('runWithApp: no active Vue app, install activeAppPlugin or call setActiveApp first');
+
+  return app.runWithContext(fn);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @name injectWithApp
+ * @category State
+ * @description Drop-in replacement for `inject` that also works outside of component setup.
+ * Inside an injection context it behaves exactly like `inject` (component-level provides
+ * win); outside it resolves app-level provides through the active app. When no app is
+ * available it falls back to the provided default value, or throws if there is none.
+ *
+ * @param {InjectionKey | string} key The injection key
+ * @param {any} [defaultValue] The value (or factory) to fall back to when the key is not provided
+ * @param {boolean} [treatDefaultAsFactory] Call `defaultValue` as a factory, like `inject`
+ * @returns The injected value
+ * @throws {VueToolsError} when called with no injection context, no active app and no default value
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const theme = injectWithApp(ThemeKey, 'light');
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ */
+export function injectWithApp<Value>(key: InjectionKey<Value> | string): Value | undefined;
+export function injectWithApp<Value>(key: InjectionKey<Value> | string, defaultValue: Value, treatDefaultAsFactory?: false): Value;
+export function injectWithApp<Value>(key: InjectionKey<Value> | string, defaultValue: Value | (() => Value), treatDefaultAsFactory: true): Value;
+export function injectWithApp<Value>(key: InjectionKey<Value> | string, ...defaults: InjectDefaults<Value>): Value | undefined {
+  // spread `defaults` as-is: `inject` distinguishes a missing default from an
+  // explicit `undefined` one via `arguments.length`
+  const doInject = () => (inject as (...args: [typeof key, ...InjectDefaults<Value>]) => Value | undefined)(key, ...defaults);
+
+  if (hasInjectionContext())
+    return doInject();
+
+  const app = getActiveApp();
+
+  if (app)
+    return app.runWithContext(doInject);
+
+  if (defaults.length > 0) {
+    const [defaultValue, treatDefaultAsFactory] = defaults;
+
+    return treatDefaultAsFactory && typeof defaultValue === 'function'
+      ? (defaultValue as () => Value)()
+      : defaultValue as Value;
+  }
+
+  throw new VueToolsError('injectWithApp: no injection context and no active Vue app, install activeAppPlugin or call setActiveApp first');
+}
+
+/**
+ * @name activeAppPlugin
+ * @category State
+ * @description Vue plugin that registers the app as the active one and clears the
+ * registration when the app unmounts (unless another app took over in the meantime).
+ *
+ * @example
+ * // main.ts
+ * createApp(App).use(activeAppPlugin).mount('#app');
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ */
+export const activeAppPlugin: Plugin = {
+  install(app) {
+    setActiveApp(app);
+
+    app.onUnmount(() => {
+      if (activeApp === app)
+        setActiveApp(undefined);
+    });
+  },
+};
diff --git a/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/index.ts b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/index.ts
index 939ffce..43a9de8 100644
--- a/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/index.ts
+++ b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+export * from './activeApp';
 export * from './createSharedComposable';
 export * from './useAppSharedState';
 export * from './useAsyncState';
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ export * from './useLastChanged';
 export * from './useManualRefHistory';
 export * from './useOffsetPagination';
 export * from './useRefHistory';
+export * from './useStateMachine';
 export * from './useStepper';
 export * from './useThrottledRefHistory';
 export * from './useToggle';
diff --git a/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/useStateMachine/demo.vue b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/useStateMachine/demo.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50cf90a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/useStateMachine/demo.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { useStateMachine } from './index';
+
+// A media-player transport: the machine makes the button matrix declarative —
+// what each control does (and whether it's enabled) follows from the state.
+const { state, send, can, matches } = useStateMachine({
+  initial: 'stopped',
+  states: {
+    stopped: { on: { PLAY: 'playing' } },
+    playing: { on: { PAUSE: 'paused', STOP: 'stopped' } },
+    paused: { on: { PLAY: 'playing', STOP: 'stopped' } },
+  },
+});
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <div class="demo-stack max-w-sm">
+    <div class="demo-card p-4">
+      <p class="demo-label">
+        Media transport
+      </p>
+
+      <div class="mt-3 flex items-center gap-3">
+        <span
+          class="demo-badge"
+          :class="matches('playing') ? 'text-emerald-600 dark:text-emerald-400' : ''"
+        >
+          {{ matches('playing') ? '▶' : matches('paused') ? '⏸' : '⏹' }} {{ state }}
+        </span>
+      </div>
+
+      <div class="mt-3 flex gap-2">
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          class="demo-btn-primary flex-1 disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-40 disabled:active:scale-100"
+          :disabled="!can('PLAY')"
+          @click="send('PLAY')"
+        >
+          Play
+        </button>
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          class="demo-btn flex-1 disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-40 disabled:active:scale-100"
+          :disabled="!can('PAUSE')"
+          @click="send('PAUSE')"
+        >
+          Pause
+        </button>
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          class="demo-btn flex-1 disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-40 disabled:active:scale-100"
+          :disabled="!can('STOP')"
+          @click="send('STOP')"
+        >
+          Stop
+        </button>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</template>
diff --git a/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/useStateMachine/index.test.ts b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/useStateMachine/index.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..648d75e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/useStateMachine/index.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+import { computed } from 'vue';
+import { useStateMachine } from './index';
+
+function trafficLight() {
+  return useStateMachine({
+    initial: 'red',
+    states: {
+      red: { on: { NEXT: 'green' } },
+      green: { on: { NEXT: 'yellow' } },
+      yellow: { on: { NEXT: 'red' } },
+    },
+  });
+}
+
+describe(useStateMachine, () => {
+  it('starts in the initial state', () => {
+    const { state, matches } = trafficLight();
+
+    expect(state.value).toBe('red');
+    expect(matches('red')).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(matches('green')).toBeFalsy();
+  });
+
+  it('transitions on send and mirrors the state into the ref', () => {
+    const { state, send } = trafficLight();
+
+    expect(send('NEXT')).toBe('green');
+    expect(state.value).toBe('green');
+
+    send('NEXT');
+    expect(state.value).toBe('yellow');
+  });
+
+  it('ignores events without a matching transition', () => {
+    const { state, send } = useStateMachine({
+      initial: 'idle',
+      states: {
+        idle: { on: { START: 'running' } },
+        running: {},
+      },
+    });
+
+    send('START');
+    expect(send('START')).toBe('running');
+    expect(state.value).toBe('running');
+  });
+
+  it('is reactive: computeds tracking state/matches/can re-evaluate', () => {
+    const { send, matches, can, state } = trafficLight();
+
+    const isRed = computed(() => matches('red'));
+    const label = computed(() => state.value.toUpperCase());
+    const canAdvance = computed(() => can('NEXT'));
+
+    expect(isRed.value).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(label.value).toBe('RED');
+    expect(canAdvance.value).toBeTruthy();
+
+    send('NEXT');
+
+    expect(isRed.value).toBeFalsy();
+    expect(label.value).toBe('GREEN');
+  });
+
+  it('respects guards and exposes them through can()', () => {
+    const { state, send, can } = useStateMachine({
+      initial: 'locked',
+      context: { coins: 0 },
+      states: {
+        locked: {
+          on: {
+            PUSH: { target: 'open', guard: ctx => ctx.coins > 0 },
+            COIN: { target: 'locked', action: (ctx) => { ctx.coins++; } },
+          },
+        },
+        open: {},
+      },
+    });
+
+    expect(can('PUSH')).toBeFalsy();
+    send('PUSH');
+    expect(state.value).toBe('locked');
+
+    send('COIN');
+    expect(can('PUSH')).toBeTruthy();
+    send('PUSH');
+    expect(state.value).toBe('open');
+  });
+
+  it('runs action, exit, and entry hooks in order', () => {
+    const order: string[] = [];
+
+    const { send } = useStateMachine({
+      initial: 'a',
+      states: {
+        a: {
+          exit: () => order.push('exit:a'),
+          on: { GO: { target: 'b', action: () => order.push('action') } },
+        },
+        b: {
+          entry: () => order.push('entry:b'),
+        },
+      },
+    });
+
+    send('GO');
+    expect(order).toEqual(['action', 'exit:a', 'entry:b']);
+  });
+
+  it('settles on the final state when hooks send follow-up events', () => {
+    const machine = useStateMachine({
+      initial: 'idle',
+      states: {
+        idle: { on: { START: 'transient' } },
+        transient: {
+          entry: () => machine.send('CONTINUE'),
+          on: { CONTINUE: 'done' },
+        },
+        done: {},
+      },
+    });
+
+    expect(machine.send('START')).toBe('done');
+    expect(machine.state.value).toBe('done');
+  });
+
+  it('keeps can() reactive across context-mutating self-transitions', () => {
+    const { send, can } = useStateMachine({
+      initial: 'locked',
+      context: { coins: 0 },
+      states: {
+        locked: {
+          on: {
+            PUSH: { target: 'open', guard: ctx => ctx.coins > 0 },
+            COIN: { target: 'locked', action: (ctx) => { ctx.coins++; } },
+          },
+        },
+        open: {},
+      },
+    });
+
+    const canPush = computed(() => can('PUSH'));
+
+    expect(canPush.value).toBeFalsy();
+
+    // Self-transition: the state string does not change, only the context.
+    send('COIN');
+
+    expect(canPush.value).toBeTruthy();
+  });
+
+  it('keeps the state ref in sync when a hook throws', () => {
+    const { state, send } = useStateMachine({
+      initial: 'a',
+      states: {
+        a: { on: { GO: 'b' } },
+        b: { entry: () => { throw new Error('boom'); } },
+      },
+    });
+
+    expect(() => send('GO')).toThrow('boom');
+    expect(state.value).toBe('b');
+  });
+
+  it('exposes the raw machine with its context', () => {
+    const onEnter = vi.fn();
+    const { machine, send } = useStateMachine({
+      initial: 'off',
+      context: { toggles: 0 },
+      states: {
+        off: { on: { TOGGLE: { target: 'on', action: (ctx) => { ctx.toggles++; } } } },
+        on: { entry: onEnter },
+      },
+    });
+
+    send('TOGGLE');
+
+    expect(machine.context.toggles).toBe(1);
+    expect(machine.current).toBe('on');
+    expect(machine.matches('on')).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(onEnter).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/useStateMachine/index.ts b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/useStateMachine/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d09a919
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vue/toolkit/src/composables/state/useStateMachine/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+import { shallowRef } from 'vue';
+import { StateMachine } from '@robonen/stdlib';
+import type { ExtractEvents, ExtractStates, SyncStateNodeConfig } from '@robonen/stdlib';
+import type { ShallowRef } from 'vue';
+
+export interface UseStateMachineReturn<
+  States extends string,
+  Events extends string,
+  Context,
+> {
+  /** Reactive current state of the machine. */
+  state: Readonly<ShallowRef<States>>;
+
+  /**
+   * Send an event to the machine, potentially causing a transition.
+   * Returns the state the machine settled on (entry/exit hooks may themselves
+   * send events; the returned state is the final one).
+   */
+  send: (event: Events) => States;
+
+  /** Reactive check: is the machine currently in `state`? */
+  matches: (state: States) => boolean;
+
+  /** Reactive check: can `event` cause a transition from the current state? */
+  can: (event: Events) => boolean;
+
+  /** The underlying stdlib machine (context access, non-reactive escape hatch). */
+  machine: StateMachine<States, Events, Context>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @name useStateMachine
+ * @category State
+ * @description Reactive wrapper around the stdlib `StateMachine`: a type-safe
+ * finite state machine whose current state is exposed as a shallow ref, so
+ * templates and computeds can branch on `state`/`matches`/`can`.
+ *
+ * States, events, guards, and entry/exit hooks follow the stdlib
+ * `createMachine` config verbatim — this composable only adds reactivity.
+ *
+ * @param {object} config Machine config: `initial`, optional `context`, and `states`
+ * @returns {UseStateMachineReturn} Reactive state plus `send`/`matches`/`can` and the raw machine
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const { state, send, can } = useStateMachine({
+ *   initial: 'idle',
+ *   states: {
+ *     idle: { on: { FETCH: 'loading' } },
+ *     loading: { on: { RESOLVE: 'idle', REJECT: 'failed' } },
+ *     failed: { on: { RETRY: 'loading' } },
+ *   },
+ * });
+ *
+ * send('FETCH'); // state.value === 'loading'
+ * can('RETRY'); // false — reactive, usable in computeds/templates
+ *
+ * @since 0.2.0
+ */
+export function useStateMachine<
+  const States extends Record<string, SyncStateNodeConfig<Context>>,
+  Context,
+>(config: {
+  initial: NoInfer<ExtractStates<States>>;
+  context: Context;
+  states: States;
+}): UseStateMachineReturn<ExtractStates<States>, ExtractEvents<States>, Context>;
+
+export function useStateMachine<
+  const States extends Record<string, SyncStateNodeConfig<undefined>>,
+>(config: {
+  initial: NoInfer<ExtractStates<States>>;
+  states: States;
+}): UseStateMachineReturn<ExtractStates<States>, ExtractEvents<States>, undefined>;
+
+export function useStateMachine(config: {
+  initial: string;
+  context?: unknown;
+  // Overload-implementation signature (mirrors stdlib `createMachine`): `any`
+  // accepts every concrete `SyncStateNodeConfig<C>` — contravariant in `C` —
+  // and `Context = undefined` keeps the invariant `StateMachine<..., Context>`
+  // comparable with both public overloads.
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+  states: Record<string, SyncStateNodeConfig<any>>;
+}): UseStateMachineReturn<string, string, undefined> {
+  const machine = new StateMachine(config.initial, config.states, config.context as undefined);
+
+  const state = shallowRef(machine.current);
+
+  // Bumped on EVERY send: a self-transition leaves the state string unchanged
+  // (so `state` doesn't trigger) yet its action may mutate the context that
+  // `can()` guards read.
+  const epoch = shallowRef(0);
+
+  function send(event: string): string {
+    // Mirror the settled state (not send's return value — entry/exit hooks may
+    // send follow-up events) even when a hook throws: the machine has already
+    // advanced by the time hooks run.
+    try {
+      machine.send(event);
+    }
+    finally {
+      state.value = machine.current;
+      epoch.value++;
+    }
+
+    return machine.current;
+  }
+
+  function matches(value: string): boolean {
+    return state.value === value;
+  }
+
+  function can(event: string): boolean {
+    // Track the send epoch (it covers state changes too) so callers re-evaluate
+    // after every transition, including context-mutating self-transitions.
+    void epoch.value;
+
+    return machine.can(event);
+  }
+
+  return { state, send, matches, can, machine };
+}