feat(stdlib): add immutable array ops, deep set, and isEqual comparator

Adds arrays/{move,insert,swap,remove}, collections/set, and comparators/isEqual (NaN/Date/RegExp/Map/Set/cycle-safe), wired into the barrels.

core/stdlib/src/arrays/index.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 export * from './cluster';
 export * from './first';
 export * from './groupBy';
+export * from './insert';
 export * from './last';
+export * from './move';
 export * from './partition';
 export * from './range';
+export * from './remove';
 export * from './sum';
+export * from './swap';
 export * from './toArray';
 export * from './unique';
 export * from './zip';

core/stdlib/src/arrays/insert/index.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { insert } from '.';
+
+describe('insert', () => {
+  it('insert a single item', () => {
+    expect(insert(['a', 'c'], 1, 'b')).toEqual(['a', 'b', 'c']);
+  });
+
+  it('insert multiple items', () => {
+    expect(insert(['a', 'd'], 1, 'b', 'c')).toEqual(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']);
+  });
+
+  it('prepend at index 0', () => {
+    expect(insert(['b', 'c'], 0, 'a')).toEqual(['a', 'b', 'c']);
+  });
+
+  it('append when the index is too large', () => {
+    expect(insert(['a'], 99, 'b', 'c')).toEqual(['a', 'b', 'c']);
+  });
+
+  it('clamp a negative index to 0', () => {
+    expect(insert(['b'], -5, 'a')).toEqual(['a', 'b']);
+  });
+
+  it('never mutate the source', () => {
+    const source = ['a', 'b'];
+    insert(source, 1, 'x');
+    expect(source).toEqual(['a', 'b']);
+  });
+});

core/stdlib/src/arrays/insert/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/**
+ * @name insert
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @description Return a new array with `items` inserted at `index`. The index is
+ * clamped into `[0, length]`, so a too-large index appends. Never mutates.
+ *
+ * @param {readonly T[]} array - The source array
+ * @param {number} index - Position to insert at
+ * @param {...T} items - Items to insert
+ * @returns {T[]} A new array with the items inserted
+ *
+ * @example
+ * insert(['a', 'c'], 1, 'b'); // ['a', 'b', 'c']
+ * insert(['a'], 99, 'b', 'c'); // ['a', 'b', 'c']
+ *
+ * @since 0.0.10
+ */
+export function insert<T>(array: readonly T[], index: number, ...items: T[]): T[] {
+  const result = array.slice();
+  const target = Math.max(0, Math.min(index, result.length));
+  result.splice(target, 0, ...items);
+
+  return result;
+}

core/stdlib/src/arrays/move/index.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { move } from '.';
+
+describe('move', () => {
+  it('move an item forward', () => {
+    expect(move(['a', 'b', 'c'], 0, 2)).toEqual(['b', 'c', 'a']);
+  });
+
+  it('move an item backward', () => {
+    expect(move(['a', 'b', 'c'], 2, 0)).toEqual(['c', 'a', 'b']);
+  });
+
+  it('clamp the target index', () => {
+    expect(move(['a', 'b', 'c'], 0, 99)).toEqual(['b', 'c', 'a']);
+  });
+
+  it('return a copy unchanged for an out-of-range source', () => {
+    const source = ['a', 'b'];
+    const result = move(source, 5, 0);
+    expect(result).toEqual(['a', 'b']);
+    expect(result).not.toBe(source);
+  });
+
+  it('never mutate the source', () => {
+    const source = ['a', 'b', 'c'];
+    move(source, 0, 2);
+    expect(source).toEqual(['a', 'b', 'c']);
+  });
+});

core/stdlib/src/arrays/move/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/**
+ * @name move
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @description Return a new array with the item at `from` moved to `to`. Out-of-range
+ * `from` returns a shallow copy unchanged; `to` is clamped into range. Never mutates.
+ *
+ * @param {readonly T[]} array - The source array
+ * @param {number} from - Index to move from
+ * @param {number} to - Index to move to
+ * @returns {T[]} A new array with the item moved
+ *
+ * @example
+ * move(['a', 'b', 'c'], 0, 2); // ['b', 'c', 'a']
+ *
+ * @since 0.0.10
+ */
+export function move<T>(array: readonly T[], from: number, to: number): T[] {
+  const result = array.slice();
+
+  if (from < 0 || from >= result.length)
+    return result;
+
+  const item = result.splice(from, 1)[0] as T;
+  const target = Math.max(0, Math.min(to, result.length));
+  result.splice(target, 0, item);
+
+  return result;
+}

core/stdlib/src/arrays/remove/index.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { remove } from '.';
+
+describe('remove', () => {
+  it('remove an item by index', () => {
+    expect(remove(['a', 'b', 'c'], 1)).toEqual(['a', 'c']);
+  });
+
+  it('remove the first and last items', () => {
+    expect(remove(['a', 'b', 'c'], 0)).toEqual(['b', 'c']);
+    expect(remove(['a', 'b', 'c'], 2)).toEqual(['a', 'b']);
+  });
+
+  it('return a copy unchanged for an out-of-range index', () => {
+    const source = ['a', 'b'];
+    const result = remove(source, 9);
+    expect(result).toEqual(['a', 'b']);
+    expect(result).not.toBe(source);
+  });
+
+  it('never mutate the source', () => {
+    const source = ['a', 'b', 'c'];
+    remove(source, 1);
+    expect(source).toEqual(['a', 'b', 'c']);
+  });
+});

core/stdlib/src/arrays/remove/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/**
+ * @name remove
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @description Return a new array with the item at `index` removed. Returns a shallow
+ * copy unchanged when the index is out of range. Never mutates.
+ *
+ * @param {readonly T[]} array - The source array
+ * @param {number} index - Index of the item to remove
+ * @returns {T[]} A new array without the removed item
+ *
+ * @example
+ * remove(['a', 'b', 'c'], 1); // ['a', 'c']
+ *
+ * @since 0.0.10
+ */
+export function remove<T>(array: readonly T[], index: number): T[] {
+  const result = array.slice();
+
+  if (index < 0 || index >= result.length)
+    return result;
+
+  result.splice(index, 1);
+
+  return result;
+}

core/stdlib/src/arrays/swap/index.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { swap } from '.';
+
+describe('swap', () => {
+  it('swap two items', () => {
+    expect(swap(['a', 'b', 'c'], 0, 2)).toEqual(['c', 'b', 'a']);
+  });
+
+  it('return a copy unchanged when indices are equal', () => {
+    const source = ['a', 'b'];
+    const result = swap(source, 1, 1);
+    expect(result).toEqual(['a', 'b']);
+    expect(result).not.toBe(source);
+  });
+
+  it('return a copy unchanged for out-of-range indices', () => {
+    expect(swap(['a', 'b'], 0, 9)).toEqual(['a', 'b']);
+    expect(swap(['a', 'b'], -1, 1)).toEqual(['a', 'b']);
+  });
+
+  it('never mutate the source', () => {
+    const source = ['a', 'b', 'c'];
+    swap(source, 0, 2);
+    expect(source).toEqual(['a', 'b', 'c']);
+  });
+});

core/stdlib/src/arrays/swap/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/**
+ * @name swap
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @description Return a new array with the items at indices `a` and `b` swapped.
+ * Returns a shallow copy unchanged when either index is out of range or equal.
+ * Never mutates.
+ *
+ * @param {readonly T[]} array - The source array
+ * @param {number} a - First index
+ * @param {number} b - Second index
+ * @returns {T[]} A new array with the two items swapped
+ *
+ * @example
+ * swap(['a', 'b', 'c'], 0, 2); // ['c', 'b', 'a']
+ *
+ * @since 0.0.10
+ */
+export function swap<T>(array: readonly T[], a: number, b: number): T[] {
+  const result = array.slice();
+
+  if (a < 0 || b < 0 || a >= result.length || b >= result.length || a === b)
+    return result;
+
+  const temp = result[a] as T;
+  result[a] = result[b] as T;
+  result[b] = temp;
+
+  return result;
+}

core/stdlib/src/collections/index.ts

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 export * from './get';
+export * from './set';

core/stdlib/src/collections/set/index.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { set } from '.';
+
+describe('set', () => {
+  it('set a top-level property', () => {
+    expect(set({ name: 'John' }, 'name', 'Jane')).toEqual({ name: 'Jane' });
+  });
+
+  it('set a nested object property', () => {
+    expect(set({ user: { name: 'John' } }, 'user.name', 'Jane')).toEqual({ user: { name: 'Jane' } });
+  });
+
+  it('set through an array index', () => {
+    expect(set({ items: [{ id: 1 }, { id: 2 }] }, 'items.1.id', 9)).toEqual({ items: [{ id: 1 }, { id: 9 }] });
+  });
+
+  it('create missing object intermediates', () => {
+    expect(set({}, 'a.b.c', 42)).toEqual({ a: { b: { c: 42 } } });
+  });
+
+  it('create an array when the next segment is numeric', () => {
+    const result = set({} as Record<string, unknown>, 'items.0.id', 1);
+    expect(Array.isArray((result as any).items)).toBe(true);
+    expect(result).toEqual({ items: [{ id: 1 }] });
+  });
+
+  it('overwrite a non-object intermediate', () => {
+    expect(set({ a: 1 } as Record<string, unknown>, 'a.b', 2)).toEqual({ a: { b: 2 } });
+  });
+
+  it('mutate and return the same reference', () => {
+    const source = { a: 1 };
+    expect(set(source, 'a', 2)).toBe(source);
+    expect(source.a).toBe(2);
+  });
+
+  it('preserve falsy values', () => {
+    expect(set({}, 'count', 0)).toEqual({ count: 0 });
+    expect(set({}, 'flag', false)).toEqual({ flag: false });
+  });
+
+  it('return the object unchanged for an empty path', () => {
+    const source = { a: 1 };
+    expect(set(source, '', 2)).toBe(source);
+    expect(source).toEqual({ a: 1 });
+  });
+});

core/stdlib/src/collections/set/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import type { Collection } from '../../types';
+
+// Hoisted so it is compiled once rather than re-created on each `set` call.
+const NUMERIC_SEGMENT = /^\d+$/;
+
+/**
+ * @name set
+ * @category Collections
+ * @description Write a deeply nested value into a collection by a dot-separated path,
+ * creating any missing intermediate containers along the way. A numeric next segment
+ * creates an array, otherwise an object. Mutates and returns the original collection.
+ *
+ * @param {Collection} obj - The target object or array (mutated in place)
+ * @param {string} path - Dot-separated path, e.g. `'user.addresses.0.street'`
+ * @param {unknown} value - The value to assign at the path
+ * @returns {Collection} The same `obj`, for chaining
+ *
+ * @example
+ * set({ user: { name: 'John' } }, 'user.name', 'Jane'); // { user: { name: 'Jane' } }
+ * set({}, 'items.0.id', 1); // { items: [{ id: 1 }] }
+ *
+ * @since 0.0.10
+ */
+export function set<O extends Collection>(obj: O, path: string, value: unknown): O {
+  if (path === '')
+    return obj;
+
+  const keys = path.split('.');
+  const lastKey = keys[keys.length - 1]!;
+  let current: any = obj;
+
+  for (let i = 0; i < keys.length - 1; i++) {
+    const key = keys[i]!;
+    const next = current[key];
+
+    // Create the missing intermediate: an array when the next segment is a numeric
+    // index, otherwise a plain object.
+    if (next === null || typeof next !== 'object')
+      current[key] = NUMERIC_SEGMENT.test(keys[i + 1]!) ? [] : {};
+
+    current = current[key];
+  }
+
+  current[lastKey] = value;
+
+  return obj;
+}

core/stdlib/src/comparators/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export * from './isEqual';

core/stdlib/src/comparators/isEqual/index.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { isEqual } from '.';
+
+describe('isEqual', () => {
+  it('compare primitives', () => {
+    expect(isEqual(1, 1)).toBe(true);
+    expect(isEqual('a', 'a')).toBe(true);
+    expect(isEqual(1, 2)).toBe(false);
+    expect(isEqual(1, '1')).toBe(false);
+    expect(isEqual(null, null)).toBe(true);
+    expect(isEqual(null, undefined)).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('treat NaN as equal to NaN', () => {
+    expect(isEqual(Number.NaN, Number.NaN)).toBe(true);
+    expect(isEqual(Number.NaN, 1)).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('compare arrays deeply', () => {
+    expect(isEqual([1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3])).toBe(true);
+    expect(isEqual([1, [2, 3]], [1, [2, 3]])).toBe(true);
+    expect(isEqual([1, 2], [1, 2, 3])).toBe(false);
+    expect(isEqual([1, { a: 2 }], [1, { a: 3 }])).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('compare plain objects deeply', () => {
+    expect(isEqual({ a: 1, b: { c: 2 } }, { a: 1, b: { c: 2 } })).toBe(true);
+    expect(isEqual({ a: 1 }, { a: 1, b: 2 })).toBe(false);
+    expect(isEqual({ a: 1 }, { a: 2 })).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('compare dates and regexps', () => {
+    expect(isEqual(new Date(0), new Date(0))).toBe(true);
+    expect(isEqual(new Date(0), new Date(1))).toBe(false);
+    expect(isEqual(/a/gi, /a/gi)).toBe(true);
+    expect(isEqual(/a/g, /a/i)).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('compare Map and Set', () => {
+    expect(isEqual(new Map([['a', 1]]), new Map([['a', 1]]))).toBe(true);
+    expect(isEqual(new Map([['a', 1]]), new Map([['a', 2]]))).toBe(false);
+    expect(isEqual(new Set([1, 2]), new Set([1, 2]))).toBe(true);
+    expect(isEqual(new Set([1, 2]), new Set([1, 3]))).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('distinguish arrays from objects', () => {
+    expect(isEqual([], {})).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('handle circular references', () => {
+    const a: any = { name: 'a' };
+    a.self = a;
+    const b: any = { name: 'a' };
+    b.self = b;
+    expect(isEqual(a, b)).toBe(true);
+  });
+});

core/stdlib/src/comparators/isEqual/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+function equals(a: any, b: any, seen: WeakMap<object, unknown>): boolean {
+  if (a === b)
+    return true;
+
+  // NaN is the only value not equal to itself; treat NaN === NaN.
+  if (typeof a === 'number' && typeof b === 'number')
+    return Number.isNaN(a) && Number.isNaN(b);
+
+  if (a === null || b === null || typeof a !== 'object' || typeof b !== 'object')
+    return false;
+
+  // Cycle guard: if we have already paired `a`, it must pair with the same `b`.
+  const paired = seen.get(a);
+  if (paired !== undefined)
+    return paired === b;
+  seen.set(a, b);
+
+  if (a instanceof Date || b instanceof Date)
+    return a instanceof Date && b instanceof Date && a.getTime() === b.getTime();
+
+  if (a instanceof RegExp || b instanceof RegExp)
+    return a instanceof RegExp && b instanceof RegExp && a.source === b.source && a.flags === b.flags;
+
+  const aIsArray = Array.isArray(a);
+  const bIsArray = Array.isArray(b);
+  if (aIsArray || bIsArray) {
+    if (!aIsArray || !bIsArray || a.length !== b.length)
+      return false;
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+      if (!equals(a[i], b[i], seen))
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (a instanceof Map || b instanceof Map) {
+    if (!(a instanceof Map) || !(b instanceof Map) || a.size !== b.size)
+      return false;
+
+    for (const [key, value] of a) {
+      if (!b.has(key) || !equals(value, b.get(key), seen))
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (a instanceof Set || b instanceof Set) {
+    if (!(a instanceof Set) || !(b instanceof Set) || a.size !== b.size)
+      return false;
+
+    for (const value of a) {
+      if (!b.has(value))
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  const aKeys = Object.keys(a);
+  const bKeys = Object.keys(b);
+  if (aKeys.length !== bKeys.length)
+    return false;
+
+  for (const key of aKeys) {
+    if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(b, key) || !equals(a[key], b[key], seen))
+      return false;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @name isEqual
+ * @category Comparators
+ * @description Deep structural equality between two values. Handles primitives
+ * (NaN-aware), `Date`, `RegExp`, arrays, `Map`, `Set`, and plain objects, and is
+ * safe against circular references. `Set` membership is compared shallowly.
+ *
+ * @param {unknown} a - The first value
+ * @param {unknown} b - The second value
+ * @returns {boolean} `true` if the values are deeply equal
+ *
+ * @example
+ * isEqual({ a: [1, 2] }, { a: [1, 2] }); // true
+ * isEqual([1, { b: 2 }], [1, { b: 3 }]); // false
+ * isEqual(Number.NaN, Number.NaN); // true
+ *
+ * @since 0.0.10
+ */
+export function isEqual(a: unknown, b: unknown): boolean {
+  return equals(a, b, new WeakMap());
+}

core/stdlib/src/index.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ export * from './arrays';
 export * from './async';
 export * from './bits';
 export * from './collections';
+export * from './comparators';
 export * from './functions';
 export * from './math';
 export * from './objects';

core/stdlib/src/text/levenshtein-distance/index.ts

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ export function levenshteinDistance(left: string, right: string): number {
 
     for (let j = 1; j <= innerLength; j++) {
       const cost = outerChar === inner[j - 1] ? 0 : 1;
-      current[j]! = Math.min(
+      current[j] = Math.min(
         prev[j]! + 1, // insertion
         current[j - 1]! + 1, // deletion
         prev[j - 1]! + cost, // substitution

core/stdlib/src/text/template/index.ts

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ export type TemplateFallback = string | ((key: string) => string);
 /**
  * Type of a template string with placeholders.
  */
-const TEMPLATE_PLACEHOLDER = /\{\s*([^{}]+?)\s*\}/gm;
+const TEMPLATE_PLACEHOLDER = /\{([^{}]+)\}/g;
 
 /**
  * Removes the placeholder syntax from a template string.
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ export function templateObject<
   T extends string,
   A extends GenerateTypes<ExtractPlaceholders<T>, TemplateValue> & Collection,
 >(template: T, args: A, fallback?: TemplateFallback): string {
-  return template.replace(TEMPLATE_PLACEHOLDER, (_match, key: string) => {
-    const value = get(args, key);
+  return template.replaceAll(TEMPLATE_PLACEHOLDER, (_match, key: string) => {
+    const value = get(args, key.trim());
 
     if (value !== null && value !== undefined)
       return String(value);

core/stdlib/src/types/js/complex.test.ts

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ describe('complex', () => {
     });
 
     it('true for class instances and null-prototype objects', () => {
+      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-extraneous-class -- fixture for the instance check
       class Foo {}
 
       expect(isObject(new Foo())).toBe(true);
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ describe('complex', () => {
   describe('isRegExp', () => {
     it('true if the value is a regexp', () => {
       expect(isRegExp(/test/)).toBe(true);
+      // eslint-disable-next-line prefer-regex-literals -- intentionally testing the constructor form
       expect(isRegExp(new RegExp('test'))).toBe(true);
     });
 

core/stdlib/src/types/js/primitives.test.ts

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ describe('primitives', () => {
 
   describe('isSymbol', () => {
     it('true if the value is a symbol', () => {
-      expect(isSymbol(Symbol())).toBe(true);
+      expect(isSymbol(Symbol('test'))).toBe(true);
     });
 
     it('false if the value is not a symbol', () => {

core/stdlib/src/types/js/primitives.ts

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ export const isSymbol = (value: any): value is symbol => typeof value === 'symbo
  *
  * @since 0.0.2
  */
-export const isUndefined = (value: any): value is undefined => typeof value === 'undefined';
+export const isUndefined = (value: any): value is undefined => value === undefined;
 
 /**
  * @name isNull

core/stdlib/src/types/ts/string.test-d.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ describe('string', () => {
     it('should be a string', () => {
       expectTypeOf(Number(1)).toExtend<Stringable>();
       expectTypeOf(String(1)).toExtend<Stringable>();
-      expectTypeOf(Symbol()).toExtend<Stringable>();
+      expectTypeOf(Symbol('test')).toExtend<Stringable>();
       expectTypeOf([1]).toExtend<Stringable>();
       expectTypeOf(new Object()).toExtend<Stringable>();
       expectTypeOf(new Date()).toExtend<Stringable>();